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Mini Review
Soil Organic Matter-An Overview
DOI: 10.31031/MCDA.2021.09.000714
Abstract
PDF
Full-Text
e-Pub
Organic carbon, Corg, (Soil Organic Matter = Humus = Corg x 1.72) is the prerequisite for soil formation
and for maintaining its fertility. All considerations on humus require a differentiation into at least 2
fractions. Humus has always been divided into the fraction’s permanent humus (also inert in the sense of
not participating in the mineralization processes) and nutrient humus. The results of an evaluation of 79
long-term field experiments worldwide are shown. The initiative of the French government to increase
the carbon content of the world’s soils by 4% annually is completely unrealistic
Opinion
Application of Slow Sand Filters
Carlos Modesto Martínez Hernandez*
DOI: 10.31031/MCDA.2021.09.000715
In the last years we had worked in the use of slow sand filters for the decontamination of
biodigesters effluents and the sugar mill oxidation lagoons. The work was carried out with the
objective of eliminating the contamination of these effluents located in some sugar mills as:
“Carlos Baliño”, “George Washington” and “Melanio Hernández”. The effluents were taken in
the central region of Cuba (Santo Domingo, Manacas, Villa Clara and Tuinicú, Sancti Spíritus).
The effluents were proven to passing through by the slow sand filter in cascades before
different investigated treatments. The effluents were diluted in distilled water in the different
proportions: T1 (10%), T2 (25%), T3 (50%), T4 (75%), T5 and T6 (not diluted). In the
effluents, they were determined: their p.....
Perspective
Polymeric Nanotheranostics: A Perspective
Victor SP, Paul W and Sharma CP*
Theranostic nanomaterials, a concerted fusion of therapeutic agents with diagnostic
moieties offers an unparalleled regime in combining therapeutics and diagnostics. These
materials are emerging as the forerunners in providing a successful transition from
conventional to personalized care enabling targeted, safer and efficient pharmacotherapy
[1]. Several kinds of materials including liposomes, dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, quantum
dots, metallic nanoparticles and polymeric nanoparticles have been employed for imaging
and therapy to treat a number of diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, kidney diseases,
cystic fibrosis and numerous genetic disorders [2]. Specifically, polymeric nanoparticles
provide several advantages that include a reliable and inexpensive surface for f.....
Case Report
Radiotherapy for Wound Treated with BTM: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Biodegradable Temporizing Matrix (BTM) is a synthetic absorbable scaffold dressing that facilitates rapid
growth of granulation tissue when laid on a vascular wound bed. Radiation is often known to hinder
the regenerative potential of soft tissues due to early effects of the induction of apoptotic cell death and
late effects of dysregulated collagen deposition due to damaged fibroblasts. There are no established
results on the use of radiation following BTM integration and whether taken grafts layered on top of
BTM are adversely affected or buffered from the damage of radiation due to the robust granulation layer
underneath. Here, we present a case where a staged approach of BTM and split skin graft reconstruction have led to a cosmetically favorable result, without skin graft breakd.....
Case Report
Multi-Particulate High Intensity of Brain MRI in 30’s Male Heavy Smoker Suicidal Attempt Case following Mild COVID-19 Pneumonia
DOI: 10.31031/AICS.2021.03.000558
The case report showed multi-particulate high intensity of T2-weighted image of brain MRI in 30’s
male heavy smoker suicidal attempt case, taken on psychiatric examination, 5 months later of his mild
COVID-19 pneumonia. The MRI finding, indicating multiple micro-thrombosis is thought to be a cause of his depressed state and anosognosia
Mini Review
Applications of Electromagnetic Field to Continuous Casting Process of Steel
DOI: 10.31031/RDMS.2021.15.000870
CC (Continuous Casting) process is regarded as a landmark technology, which had
revolutionized steel production along with LD converter process. Toward SDGs, not only
the technology which enables higher quality steel products with higher productivity but
also the one which enables new steel products with distinctive features and quality, are of
demand. Electromagnetic force has an advantage, that can control the fluid velocity field and
temperature field without contact with molten metal [1]. Therefore, numerous technologies
that apply electromagnetic field to the CC process have been developed and contributed to
the marked technological progress of continuous casting process, as shown in Table 1. In this
paper, among the main functions of electromagnetic field, the applied technol.....
Mini Review
Antibacterial Activity of Cranberry (Vaccinium Macrocarpon) Pomace in Relation to its Enzymatic Hydrolysis
Junqiao Wang, He Gao, Xiahua Yin, Steve W Cui, Moussa Diarra and Qi Wang*
DOI: 10.31031/APDV.2021.08.000691
As a natural antibacterial product, cranberry phenolic extracts have been used to control the presence
of pathogenic bacteria in poultry. Cranberry pomace, a by-product of cranberry processing, is a potential
source of phenolic compounds. However, most phenolic compounds are bonded with cell wall substances
and not readily extractable, hence, not bioavailable. The objective of the current study was to explore
the potential of enhancing the antimicrobial activity of cranberry pomace by enzymatic hydrolysis of
cell wall matrix. A blend of pectinase and cellulase-hemicellulase was applied to the cranberry pomace;
three types of extraction solvents of different polarity were used to isolate the phenolic compounds
and the antibacterial activities of the extracts against three common path.....
Opinion
Biochar Use as a Graphite Substitute in an Ultraviolet Radiation Curing Epoxy Ink: Viscosity and Gloss Evaluation
Marchesini J, Perondi D, Marocco MV, Pellizzzoni VG and Piazza D*
In recent years, the interest in the development of materials with different fillers addition
has increased. Among these fillers, carbon-based materials have been increasing attention,
mainly due to their ability to improve mechanical, electrical and thermal properties in final
composites. Carbon nanotubes are widely used/reported. Nevertheless, its application on a
large scale is difficult due to its high cost. In this context, alternative materials with high carbon
content and low cost have been studied as possible substitutes, including biochar [1]. Biochar
corresponds to the solid fraction resulting from the pyrolysis process and is mainly composed
of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. With an adequate control of the operational conditions,
it is possible to adjust and optimize the p.....
Review Article
Dioscorea genus: A Possible Ally in the Sectors of Agriculture, Food Security and as a Source of Inputs for the Pharmaceutical Industry
Laleska Cesila Rabelo* and Luce Maria Brandao Torres
DOI: 10.31031/MCDA.2021.09.000713
Relevance: According to the State of World Food and Nutrition Security, more than 820 million people
remain hungry and 2 million are moderately or severely food insecure. The search for new raw materials
rich in nutrients and present in Brazilian biodiversity is a new challenge, considering that in the current
menu, only 30 species are food sources for 95% of the world’s population. It is expected that new advances
in research and new cultivation technologies favor the agriculture of new species with potential use as
food and input for the pharmaceutical industry. In this context, we consider that the Dioscorea genus with
more than 150 native species, and with some species cultivated and used in food, can be better explored
as new matrices rich in nutrients for consumption and as .....
Case Report
Extraoral Facial Pain Caused by an Intraoral Stimulus: A Case Report
DOI: 10.31031/MRD.2021.06.000647
Dentists are faced daily by many pain conditions. Some are common and easy to deal with such as dental pain and others are more complicated. The pain could originate intraorally and/or extraorally. While diagnosing and treating intraoral pain seems to be an easy task for an experienced dental practitioner, the diagnosis and management of facial pain can be very difficult as presentation of many orofacial pain conditions could overlap and the diagnosis could be complicated by more than one obstacle. An adequate diagnosis could be achieved by a careful history taking and thorough clinical examination. If the origin of pain is clear, the task for the clinician could be achieved easily. However, in the absence of a clear cause or origin of the pain, diagnosis becomes diffuse and extra care sho.....
Review Article
Effect of β-Fe Precipitates on the Mechanical Behavior of Al-Si Alloys with Critical Fe, Inoculated via Nb+B and Precipitation Hardened
Carlos Narducci Junior* and Antonio Jorge Abdalla
DOI: 10.31031/AMMS.2021.07.000663
The challenge of this research is to produce safety parts in Al-Si alloys with Fe-critical. The innovation
is in studying the morphology of β-Fe and Mg2
Si precipitates in the mechanical behavior of the material
after the addition of NbB and the heat treatment. Aiming to improve the mechanical properties of AlSi
alloys coming from recycling (Fe-critical) by manipulating the β-Fe precipitates and maintaining the
Mg2
Si precipitates. The samples were cast with Al10Si1Fe0.35Mg alloy, inoculated via NbB, and pouring
in a metal mold according to ASTM B108. The microstructure was analyzed with BSE-SEM and EDS. The
work investigated the morphology of β-Fe precipitates and their effects and interactions on the material’s
mechanical properties. The combined effect of the addition of N.....
Mini Review
COVID-19 Vaccines
DOI: 10.31031/MADD.2021.03.000566
COVID-19 is a contagious disease induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARSCOV-2. A possible mutant of SARS-COV-1. The disease has spread worldwide since, March 1, 2020, and
then became a pandemic. All countries of the world have been affected. To date, there are 215,882,875
confirmed cases with 4,492,818 deaths. USA is the country with the greatest number of confirmed
cases and most deaths, followed by our neighboring country Brazil. COVID-19 pandemic has been the
impetus for the immediate use of antiviral drugs, such as chloroquine and Remdesivir, amongst others.
The former was disapproved by FDA. However, the COVID-19 vaccine has been the only real solution to
date, providing over 90% efficacy in all cases. Over 150 pharmaceutical companies are still pursuing.....
Research Article
The Relationship Between Insomnia and Mental Disorders Among Medical Students in Mexico
Determining the relationship between insomnia and developing mental symptoms is the objective of
this study. Its method consisted of a cross-sectional design study, in which a survey of medical students
belonging to the International Federation of Medical Student Associations of Mexico (IFMSA) was
conducted. The instrument was validated with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient =0.92. The presence of
symptoms related to insomnia, sleep quality and mental disorders were evaluated. Data analysis was
carried out through descriptive and inferential statistics, with a power level of p 0.05. Out of 4,576
medical students, a sample was obtained by simple randomization with a total of 401 students (42.89%
men, 57.11% women) who participated in 48 medical schools. The three most prevalent symptoms.....
Mini Review
Texture of Rapidly Solidified Foils of Tin, Indium, Bismuth, and Their Alloys
DOI: 10.31031/COJRR.2021.03.000563
Tin, indium, bismuth, and their alloys are produced with rapidly solidified crystallization. Cooling rate
was in the order 105 -106K/s. A thickness of foils was 30-80μm. Polar densities, phkl, of diffractional lines
hkl were calculated by Harris method. It was established, that tin, indium, and bismuth have texture
(100), (101) and texture (1012) bismuth, correspondingly. These textures are conserved in solid solution
and eutectic alloys. Textures of tin and indium are caused with most density-packed planes. The texture
of bismuth is caused with orientation covalent bonds
Research Article
CXC Chemokine Ligand 16 Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg Cells Via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB Signaling Pathway
DOI: 10.31031/NACS.2021.06.000635
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (HL) is a main type of lymphoma characterized by Hodgkin’s ReedSternberg(H/RS) cells, which involves in many cytokines and chemokines. CXC Chemokine Ligand 16
(CXCL16) was reported to be expressed in various cancer types and was previously observed by our
group to highly express in H/RS cells, yet the function and mechanism of CXCL16, as well as soluble
CXCL16 (sCXCL16) on the phenotypes of HRS cells needs to be fully elucidated. To investigate the effects
of CXCL16 on cell proliferation, migration, cell cycle, apoptosis, and immune-phenotypes of H/RS cells,
an H/RS cell line (L428) transfected with CXCL16-overexpressed lentivirus vector was established and
identified; besides, recombinant sCXCL16 was also applied on L428 cell lines in the present study. Result.....
Opinion
The Myth of Significant Fluid Loss in Acute Pneumonia
DOI: 10.31031/TTEH.2021.03.000552
Modern ideas about the nature of Acute Pneumonia (AP), formed under the influence
of long-term beliefs in the exceptional role and therapeutic indispensability of antibiotics,
have left many fundamental laws of medical science without the necessary attention. The
search for a solution to the problem of this disease cannot be successful without a revision of
the conceptual views that determine both the search directions and subsequent therapeutic
efforts
Mini Review
Pathogenesis of Pseudotumor (IIH) and Monroe-Kellie Doctrine- Mini-Review
Forshing Lui*, Shahnawaz Karim, Melanie Chan and Stella Knowlton
DOI: 10.31031/AICS.2021.03.000557
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) is a neurological condition characterized by increased intracranial pressure without any underlying intracranial pathology such as mass lesions in the brain or
hydrocephalus. According to the Monroe-Kellie doctrine, there are three main components inside our
rigid cranium, brain, blood, and CSF. Increase in volume of one component needs to be compensated
by decrease in another component and/or increase in intracranial pressure. The most popular belief
about the pathogenesis of IIH is that it is caused by venous sinus stenosis resulting in intracranial
venous congestion and increase in ICP. With the recent discovery of another intracranial component, the
glymphatic, the Monroe-Kellie doctrine needs to be revisited. In this review, we are prov.....
Commentary
Cross Modality Leading to Sonic Seasoning with Music for Integrative Medicine (IM)
Integrative Medicine (IM) has been evaluated more for long, authors have managed Shikoku Island
Division, Integrative Medicine Japan (IMJ). IM includes music therapy, which can conduct to decrease
stressful matter and increase human well-being, associated with special condition such as smell, flavor
and tasting. It means cross modality of human sensation, leading to sonic seasoning. Some examples
include sweet drinks, chocolate, seafood restaurant, coffee, and so on. Related with crossmodal pairing,
sonic seasoning will be more required for academic and commercial fields. The perspectives for music
and nutrition in IM region will be expected to develop in the future
Opinion
Factors that Limit the Quality of Technical Maintenance in Rice Harvesting Machines in Cuba
Alexander Miranda Caballero* and Calixto Dominguez Vento
DOI: 10.31031/MCDA.2021.09.000712
Within the technological process of rice production, the use of harvesting machines is a
subject of undoubted interest. The deterioration and years of exploitation of the means used
during the technical assistance of these equipment’s, has caused a decrease in their technical
availability, which affects productivity during the harvest. Hence the importance of the correct
execution of technical maintenance and repair operations; to guarantee the operation of the
machinery in operation, until they can be completely renewed, according to the economic
possibilities of the country
Mini Review
Barriers of Compliance to Treatment Regimen among Egyptian Hypertensive Patients
Hanan Mohamed Mohamed Soliman*
DOI: 10.31031/COJNH.2021.07.000666
Egypt has a highest prevalence rate of hypertension in the world, and Egyptian patients
have a highest non-compliance rate to hypertensive regimen, as well as few studies have
discussed compliance in developing countries and little work is done to assess patient
compliance.
Compliance to hypertension treatment is a critical factor conditioning the success of
therapy. However, non-compliance is the main contributor to un-controlled blood pressure.
The aim of this review is to help investigators from the developing countries, to assess
compliance and its barriers as well as institute measures that directly improve compliance to
a higher rate & manage risk factors and consequently decrease complications of hypertension.
It is also hoped that this effort will generate attention and mo.....
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