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Mini Review
A Prospective Review on the Encapsulation of Bioactive Compounds
DOI: 10.31031/NTNF.2021.06.000631
Abstract
PDF
Full-Text
e-Pub
The search for different methods of new technologies capable of helping the food industry has become
increasingly attractive, since it is in constant growth and development, gaining notoriety when it comes
to health and well-being. In this way, the introduction of bioactive compounds in high-growing foods,
with emphasis on techniques such as microencapsulation, since it consists of protecting the agents
provided in the food, with a basic of resisting the beginning of the digestive system, which starts in the
stomatognathic apparatus (chewing and swallowing), from the moment it is consumed, reaching the
specific location of the human body to perform its function. The aim of this literature review was to
address the importance of microencapsulation technology for bioactive compounds i.....
Review Article
Consequences of Evolutionary Sea-Level Changes
DOI: 10.31031/EIMBO.2021.04.000585
Photoionisation of water generates reactive hydrogen ions and other light gases that escape to outer
space by different mechanisms. The activity of the young Sun directed the lost light gases, primarily
hydrogen and helium, to the outer gas giant planets. The total hydrogen loss on Earth in the past ~4
billion yearsunder the conditions that exist today showed that the H escape would have resulted in only
about 0.02% loss of the recent ocean volume. The reason for this negligible loss could be the feeble rate of hydrogen escape by photolysis of water, but the Archean rate could have been much greater. Other suspected pathways for water losses could be the subduction of hydrate minerals or the increased amount of storage of water in the deeper layers of the mantle. Water loss is also acc.....
Research Article
Rainfall Anomaly Index Valuation of Agricultural Production in Jakiri SubDivision, Northwest Region, Cameroon
Suiven John Paul Tume* and Suika Rita Nyuyfoni
DOI: 10.31031/MCDA.2021.09.000716
Climate variability and change is one of the greatest threats facing humanity, with far-reaching and
devastating impacts on people, ecosystem services, natural resource-base and the natural environment
as a whole. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of rainfall variability on agricultural production in
Jakiri Sub-Division of the Northwest Region of Cameroon. Previous studies on the impact of climate on
agriculture focused on stakeholder signatures to climate change adaptation to the agrarian sector of the Bui Plateau, which revealed that despites glaring consequences of climate, the Jakiri Council only allocates only 1% of its annual budget for climate action. Data sources for this study included the administration of 211 questionnaires to cover the three agro-ecological zones of Ja.....
Case Report
Report of 2 Cases of Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis
DOI: 10.31031/CJMI.2021.05.000617
To review the clinical data of two patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
(ABPA) and to review the literature so as to improve the understanding of the disease and
reduce misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis [1-6].
Method
Collecting and collating the medical history data, laboratory examinations, imaging
examinations, bronchoscopic findings, histopathological findings of the two patients, and
comparing the latest diagnostic criteria of allergic bronchial aspergillosis and reviewing the
literature
Opinion
Missing in the Big Data Era: Relative specificity
High-throughput methods, single-cell analysis, and machine learning are some of the
major technological breakthroughs that have transformed biology and ushered in the new era
of big data. It is now possible to predict with a high degree of confidence protein structures
based on amino acid sequences [1] and gene functions and disease etiology are frequently
discussed through the prism of networks. Genomics techniques, the mainstay and often the
starting point of research in the 21st century, generate massive data from which elaborate
relationships among genes can be inferred and later verified experimentally. In a typical
study, hundreds of hits may be produced, but only a small subset will be selected and then
investigated in depth based on criteria such as the levels of expression.....
Opinion
Are Ciliate Really Reproduce Sexually?
Usman Asghar* and Irum Mukhtar
DOI: 10.31031/EIMBO.2021.04.000584
Ciliates are very ancient and diverse clade of eukaryotes [1] it evolved around 2 billion
years ago [2]. Some members of this group are very spectacular model organisms to study the
genetics and molecular and developmental biology [3]. Ciliates reproduce both sexually as well
as asexually [4]. During favorable conditions when plenty of food is available and ecological
conditions are perfect, ciliates reproduce asexually by binary fission but during unfavorable
condition when food resources are depleted and ecological conditions are unfavorable, they
reproduce sexually through conjugation [5]. But there is a confusion existed between research
communities and they have difference of opinion on the nature of conjugation process, either
we call it sexual reproduction or not
Review Article
The Deterrent Factors of Physical Activities of Female Student Nurses in Islamic Azad University
Forghani Ozrudi M*, Forghani Ozrudi S and Atena Rohi
DOI: 10.31031/RISM.2020.07.000675
The aim of this research is studying the deterrent factors of physical activities of female student nurses.
This research is of survey-descriptive type and executed in a fielding form, by using “carol and Alexander’s
standard questionnaire”, “physical activities deterrence’s” (α=0.85). Statistical universe of this research
are practitioner female student nurses with the approximate capacity of 285 people, according to Morgan’s
table 165 people were chosen as sample using Random cluster sampling method. Was performed using
the Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and post hoc LSD tests (α=0.05). Data analysis done by using
SPSS19 software. Results show that the mean deterrent factors are lack of participant with highest mean
3.47, lack of time 3.22, lack of facil.....
Opinion
Are the Critical Raw Materials Equally Critical for Individual EU Member States?
Michal Cehlar* and Zuzana Simkova
DOI: 10.31031/AMMS.2021.07.000664
David Attenborough: “Anyone who believes in infinite growth on a physically finite planet
is either a fool or an economist” [1]. The current period of consumption, the ever-increasing
pressure on our planet in the form of the ever-increasing consumption of raw materials, have
already required a radical solution and new approaches. At the same time is also alarming our
ever-increasing environmental debt. Although, paradoxically, in an effort to curb the spread
of the Covid-19 pandemic, this year has shown that we can reduce the consumption and use
of natural resources in the short term. Nevertheless, the forecast for global demand for raw
materials represents an increase from 84 billion tons in 2015 to 185 billion in 2050, with
metal mining expected to increase by 96% (Figure 1).....
Case Report
Are the Critical Raw Materials Equally Critical for Individual EU Member States?
Marcelo Potolicchio, Manuel Rodriguez-Huguet*, Jorge Gongora-Rodriguez
DOI: 10.31031/ACAM.2021.06.000646
24-year-old professional soccer player presented severe pain in the right quadriceps muscle after a
10-month evolution of muscle rupture occurred during sports practice. The objective is analyze the effects
of vacuum therapy for improve the pain, the tissue elasticity, and the functionality in muscle fibrosis. The
physical treatment was based in vacuum therapy with PHYSIUM System®, and the evaluation was done
with shear-wave elastography. Treatment and evaluation were performed once a week for three weeks.
Baseline, there were strong fibrillar distortion and fibrosis in elastography. Finally, fibrillar restoration
has been verified, and patient could return to sports practice. Vacuum myofascial therapy applied with a
device improves in the treatment of muscle fibrosis and it allows.....
Review Article
Gut Microbiome and Mechanisms of Primary and Acquired Resistance To PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade
Shiyun Cui, Ruihan Zou, Yongqian Shu*
DOI: 10.31031/ACAM.2021.06.000645
PD-1/PD-L1 blockade is a promising immunotherapy, which provides a new method for the treatment of
a variety of tumors and has significant clinical efficacy. However, most patients are not initially sensitive to
these therapies, known as primary resistance. Unfortunately, some patients develop acquired resistance
even after an initial response to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. In fact, the mechanisms of primary and acquired
resistance are not fully and clearly understood. Recently, the role of gut microbiome has also become a
hot topic of research. From the above aspects, this article will discuss the related mechanisms and new
strategies to improve the curative effect
Review Article
Pediatric SCIWORA-Type Injuries Revisited: What Should be the Most Discerning Definition of SCIWORA at the Current Days?
Raquel Madronero-Mariscal and Elisa Lopez-Dolado*
DOI: 10.31031/OPROJ.2021.08.000697
The traditional concept of “SCIWORA” is nowadays being reassessed due to the accumulation of clinical
knowledge and the improvement in diagnostic accuracy to study this entity. In the current era of magnetic
resonance imaging as the gold standard in spinal pathology, particularly the diffusion tensor imaging
scanning, the present article aims to respond the challenge of critically reviewing and redefining this
entity as accurately as possible. Another important fact will be to discuss the best treatment option for
these patients, because while conventional approaches agreed with a conservative management, some
modern streams of thought defend an early surgical procedure to avoid a worst prognosis in selected
cases
Mini Review
Targeting Hypoxic Tumor Microenvironment in Pancreatic Cancer: An Emerging Innovative Concept
Rinku Majumder*, Tanusree Sengupta and Samarpan Majumder*
DOI: 10.31031/NACS.2021.06.000636
In spite of rapid progress in translational cancer research and advent of a few treatment regimens
that revolutionized patient care in most of the tumors, any meaningful progress in the treatment of
Pancreatic Cancer (PC) remains elusive. Lack of definitive early symptoms, absence of reliable biomarker
and failure to understand PC biology combined with a complex PC Tumor Microenvironment (TME)
slowed progress of therapeutics development to treat PC. One of the areas of PC biology that has been
gaining a lot of attention of late is the extent of tumor hypoxia or lack of oxygen that is associated with PC progression. The goal of this mini review is to emphasize the importance of hypoxia in PC. Our improving understanding of hypoxia and how to make hypoxia amenable to targeted therapies .....
Research Article
Establishment of a Rat Model of Neural Injury After High Frequency Monopolar Stimulation of the Motor Cortex
Tao Yu, Lanjun Guo*, Jennifer Sasaki Russell and Jeffrey W Sall
DOI: 10.31031/TNN.2021.04.000589
Direct electrical motor cortex stimulation with short-train High-Frequency Stimulation (HFS) for Motor
Evoked Potentials (MEPs) has been used during supratentorial surgeries, but the safety threshold is
poorly defined. This study aimed to establish a rat model for the investigation of neural damage in the
cerebral cortex caused by high current HFS to aid in defining safety thresholds. We performed bilateral
craniotomy on 12 rats. Cerebral sensory-motor cortex in one hemisphere was stimulated with a highfrequency current for 100 times. The rats were sacrificed, and the brains were sliced for Nissl, DAPI, and IBA-1 staining. Neural damage of the cerebral cortex was found in all cases, including markedly shrunken and pyknotic cells. IBA-1 staining revealed reactive microglia morphology in.....
Research Article
Ten Weeks Protocol of Physical Exercise for an Elderly Person Diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension: An Evidence-Based Case Report
DOI: 10.31031/IOD.2021.05.000616
The prescription of physical exercises for groups of people who need special care during prescribing and
monitoring is an area of Physical Education and Exercise Physiology that needs more scientific reports,
as evidence-based practical interventions can help professionals who work with exercise prescription
for their audiences. In this work, we report the prescription of physical exercises for an elderly aged 82,
diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy, arterial hypertension,
and a history of stroke. The choice of exercises was based mainly on the exercise recommendations of
the Brazilian Society of Diabetes, Brazilian Society of Arterial Hypertension, World Health Organization,
and the possibilities of available materials and adequacy of scient.....
Research Article
Synthesis, Characterization and Antifungal Activities, Aspergillus Niger, Aspergillus Flavus, Candida Albicans of Novel Schiff Base and Schiff Based Resin
Nasira LR*, Akhtar MM, Aamna B and Mohammed KK
DOI: 10.31031/SBB.2021.05.000612
This work studies the synthesis of a novel Schiff base bis (2- methoxy-1-napthaldehyde) hydrazine
hydrate and Schiff based resin poly methylene bis (2- methoxy-1-napthaldehyde) hydrazine
hydride via-condensation procedure using with formaldehyde (HCHO) at temperature 70 to 80 °C
for 3-4 hours. The synthesized Schiff base BMNHH and resin PMBMNHH were recrystallized from
methanol resulting pure compounds. The synthesized compounds were characterized by (CHN),
(FT-IR) Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), EDS analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM),
Powder X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD). The all results of analytical techniques successfully
approved the structure and morphology of newly prepared Schiff base and Schiff based resin. After
the characterization the synthesized com.....
Research Article
Novel Potential Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases
Bogdan-Ioan C*, Manole G, Dincă GV and Elena CC
DOI: 10.31031/SBB.2021.05.000611
One of the critical medical topics researched is identifying the most diverse diseases of new
molecular biomarkers that would establish a positive diagnosis and respond to an indeed shown
treatment (risk biomarkers). Prolonging the lifespan of individuals and increasing the frequency
of heart failure from 1-2% in the adult population, regardless of age, to 10-12% in people over
70 explains the worldwide interest in identifying biomarkers and in this condition, regardless
of etiology, which offers the possibility of complex assessment of the situation, including the
prognosis. In the studies published so far, we aimed to demonstrate the involvement of enzymes
as biomarkers of diastolic dysfunction generating heart failure (i.e., we studied the possibility of
osteopontin as a biomark.....
Short Communication
Rudimentary Caudal Peduncle in Bagarius Bagarius (Ham.-Buch.) and Blunt Head, Rudimentary Snout and Abnormal Mouth in Labeo Dero (Ham.-Buch.) From River Tawi, Jammu, J&K UT, India
DOI: 10.31031/EIMBO.2021.04.000582
Bagarius bagarius with rudimentary caudal peduncle and Labeo dero with blunt rounded head,
rudimentary snout, one nostril and abnormal mouth were seen among collections from river Tawi in
Jammu area and have been described. X-ray analysis in Bagarius bagarius has shown 37 and 28 vertebrae,
respectively, in normal and abnormal fish. X-ray analysis of Labeo dero has shown aberrations in skull
bones, vertebrae and intestine. Anomalies in Labeo dero are most probably induced by injury during
developmental stages. In Bagarius bagarius caudal peduncle deformity is due to injury or predation by a predatory fish
Mini Review
Flowering Mechanism as a Major Factor for Adaptation of Oats for Forage Management in Middle Latitudes
Federico Condon, Rodrigo Zarza and Alejandro La Manna*
DOI: 10.31031/MCDA.2021.09.000716
Winter annual forage crops like oats, wheat, triticale and even barley can be planted at the end of summer (mid-February) to supply fresh forage in a situation of low dry matter availability. This means sowing an annual cereal out of its natural planting window, which normally is in cooler weather condition (March through June in Southern Hemisphere) and exposing the plants to a high temperature environment that can lead to a quick flowering induction of tillers. Therefore, we conclude that the selection of adapted forage genotypes by evaluation of regrowth, tillering and forage production should be complemented by a phenological characterization that should lead to a selection of better adapted forage genotypes
Opinion
Anthropogenic Activities, Environmental Sustainability and Climate Change
DOI: 10.31031/EAES.2021.09.000704
Evidence of Climate Change is depicted by the following:
a. Increased Surface temperatures: They are rising Worldwide due to gases being
Trapped into the Atmosphere.
b. Decreased snowline on the Mountains
c. Deglaciation: Overall Glaciers are Melting at a Faster Rate.
d. Change of Season patterns; Drought is longer, Tropical storms are also severe due to
warmer ocean temperatures.
e. Decrease of habitats of species like Fish in Lakes and Oceans.
f. Drought which is longer and more extreme in the world.
Opinion
Koel-Karo Movement in Jharkhand, India
DOI: 10.31031/EAES.2021.09.000703
The proposed Koel-Karo project was first proposed in 1957 under the second Five Year
Plan. The final project report was completed in 1973, and initially the total cost was estimated
to be Rs 137 crore. According to the project report, two dams were to be constructed - at Basia
on the South Koel River and at Lohajimi on the North Karo River. The two dams were to be
connected by a 34.7km canal. To facilitate power generation, permission was given for the
construction of four large power houses and two smaller ones, capable of generating 710MW
daily. The project, covering Ranchi, Gumla and Singhbhum districts, was to utilise water
from South Koel and North Karo rivers. The Tapkara outpost is under the Torpa ‘thana’ in
Ranchi district. Most villages under the Torpa thana (including.....
Mini Review
Long-Term Field Experiments as the Basis for Practice-Oriented Humus Research - A Review
DOI: 10.31031/MCDA.2021.09.000714
Organic carbon, Corg, (Soil Organic Matter = Humus = Corg x 1.72) is the prerequisite for soil formation and for maintaining its fertility. All considerations on humus require a differentiation into at least 2 fractions. Humus has always been divided into the fraction’s permanent humus (also inert in the sense of not participating in the mineralization processes) and nutrient humus. The results of an evaluation of 79 long-term field experiments worldwide are shown. The initiative of the French government to increase the carbon content of the world’s soils by 4% annually is completely unrealistic
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