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Research Article
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Spray Formed and Hot-Pressed Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy
Alawandi MR, Khaji SS and Dayanand M Goudar*
Abstract
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The microstructure and mechanical properties of spray formed and hot-pressed Al-35Si alloy was studied and compared with as cast alloy. The microstructures of spray deposited, hot pressed and as cast alloys were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy techniques. The micro-structure of spray deposited alloy showed a homogeneous distribution of fine primary silicon, eutectic silicon phases in the equiaxed Al-matrix. The microstructural refinement was further increased by hot compression. The microstructure of as-cast alloy composed of coarse plate-like primary Si particles and needle/fiber form of eutectic Si randomly distributed in the Al dendritic matrix. Room temperature hard-ness and tensile strength of spray formed, hot compressed a.....
Mini Review
New Ultrasonic Techniques for Colorectal Cancer Imaging
Rossana Solleti* and João Carlos Machado
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second cancer-related cause of mor-tality in the world, with increasing incidence in some developing countries and in the young population. Colonoscopy is the gold standard tool for CRC screening because it can detect and remove precancerous lesions in the same procedure, and its widespread use in people older than 50 years of age may be the cause of declining CRC incidence in this group. However, some precancerous lesions may be missed by colonoscopy and progress to CRC before the next screening, a fact that demonstrates the need to search for new affordable and sensitive imaging techniques. In this minireview we highlight the main ultrasound methods that have been studied experimentally and clinically with the potential to i.....
Opinion
Beyond the Archaeology of Despair in Afghanistan
Not much good news has come out of Afghanistan since the Soviet invasion in 1979. In addition to the vicious conflicts, humanitarian crises, diaspora, explosion in drug cultivation, use and trafficking, and the associated corruption, Afghanistan’s rich archaeological and cultural heritage has been devastated. Remarkable Greco-Bactrian cities such as Aï Khanoum have been systematically looted on an industrial scale, while the Buddhas of Bamiyan were blown up by the Taliban in 2001. Even Kabul Museum was caught in the crossfire between rival militia and then ransacked by looters and iconoclasts.
Research Article
Anatomic Descriptive Technique Using the Posterior Leaflet of Mitral Valve to Tailor and Construction of a Posterior Bi-Leaflet for Correction of Mitral Valve Insufficiencyn
Introduction: The mitral insufficiency as a result of the rheumatic fever in young population has important complications augmenting the morbidity and mortality of the valvar disease. In order to prevent mitral valve replacement, we designed a technique for correction of the mitral insufficiency, based in duplicating the coaptation surface of the posterior mitral leaflet. Objectives: Describe anatomically the proposition technique for correction of the mitral insufficiency preserving the mitral valve. Material and Methods: The technique designed is based in augmenting the cooptation surface of the mitral valve duplicating the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve; the approach to the mitral valve is via left atrium and the posterior leaflet is dissected from po.....
Research Article
Revisiting Real Exchange Rate Fundamentals
This paper presented a critical appraisal of the justifications for the choice of particular variables as real exchange rate fundamentals. The model-based approach was focused. The criteria for the exercise centered on the nature of variables and the pattern of effect. The cases for exchange control, trade restrictions and government expenditure on untradeable goods as long run fundamentals were tenuous and could hardly be defended theoretically while capital flows were found admissible only after some adjustments. Productivity growth differentials boasted impeccable credentials and should not be ignored. All the variables making the final list satisfied the established ground rules.
Opinion
Pilates Conventional or Complementary?
Elizabeth Akam* and Kathy Riley Smith
The Pilates method was developed by the German Joseph Pilates in the 1920’s and is still widely practiced today. Joseph Pilates based his work on three principles: breath, whole-body health and whole-body commitment, with the whole-body encompassing mind, body and spirit. It is a very physical form of activity based around “centering” which involves working the core muscles for strength gains, whilst centering the mind and breath to support this development. The physical activity aspect of Pilates, strength gain, is often overlooked as with the Pilates principles traditionally cited as: Breath; Concentration; Centering; Control; Precision; Flow mean Pilates is placed as an “alternative” or “complementary” therapy a.....
Research Article
Anatomic Descriptive Technique Using the Posterior Leaflet of Mitral Valve to Tailor and Construction of a Posterior Bi-Leaflet for Correction of Mitral Valve Insufficiencyn
Introduction: The mitral insufficiency as a result of the rheumatic fever in young population has important complications augmenting the morbidity and mortality of the valvar disease. In order to prevent mitral valve replacement, we designed a technique for correction of the mitral insufficiency, based in duplicating the coaptation surface of the posterior mitral leaflet. Objectives: Describe anatomically the proposition technique for correction of the mitral insufficiency preserving the mitral valve. Material and Methods: The technique designed is based in augmenting the cooptation surface of the mitral valve duplicating the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve; the approach to the mitral valve is via left atrium and the posterior leaflet is dissected from po.....
Opinion
Telemedicine Application in Toxicology
Poisoning is an abnormality in the body that is caused by the entry of foreign substances such as toxins and drugs into the body. The entry of poison into the body occurs in several ways, such as breathing gases and toxic vapors, eating and drinking toxic substances, skin contact, and blood transfusions [1]. Poisoning is of different kinds based on the type of toxic substance, which includes food, heavy metals, pesticides, radioactive substances, and drugs. Poisoning is the third cause of death and unintentional injuries in the world [2]. According to the WHO statistics in 2012, approximately 193200 people died from unintentional poisoning and one million people from suicide with toxic substances yearly [3]
Opinion
Telemedicine: A New Perspective in the Treatment of Internet Gaming Disorder Among Adolescents
Georgekutty Kuriala Kochuchakkalackal
The internet era brings an enormous opportunity to contribute in the universal goal of providing quality clinical and health care especially addressing emerging issues that significantly affect the mental health of adolescents brought about by modern technology. What used to be unimaginable is made possible by the integration of advancement in information technology, electronic communications technology, telecommunications, computers and mobile technology with the field of medicine giving rise to the inception of the field of telemedicine as early as the 1960s using radio and telephone [1]. Presently, with the emergence of new health conditions needing immediate diagnosis and treatment, the internet facility plays an important role i.....
Review Article
Computational Prediction for Antibiotics Resistance Through Machine Learning and Pk/Pd Analysis
Infection disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. Antibiotics resistance, which is predicted to rise in many countries worldwide, threatens infection treatment and control. The machine learning can help to identify patients at higher risk of treatment failure in infection diseases Closer monitoring of these patients may decrease treatment failure rates and prevent emergence outbreak of antibiotic resistance. To identify features associated with treatment failure and to predict which patients are at highest risk of antibiotics resistance this study was designed. The most predictive model was forward stepwise selection, although most models performed at or above targeted value. We employed a range of powerful mac.....
Research Article
Detection and Classification of Brain Tumors by Analyzing Images from MRI Using the Support Vector Machines (SVM) Algorithm
The brain tumor is consisted of a series of cells that grow and multiply in the brain. Brain tumors are commonly malicious because they take up the brains space which should be occupied by the tissues that play a crucial role in the vital functions of the human body. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a key element in cancer diagnostic and therapeutic research and clinical practice. Unlike other methods of imaging which mainly use ionizing rays, MRI, which is a more preferable method of imaging, uses a magnetic field for that purpose. In this research, we try to find the number, size, and position of the tumor by processing the MRI image under the SVM algorithm in MATLAB. We choose MATLAB over other suggested methods because it is much more accessible, to a great extent faster than other .....
Short Communication
Visual Evoked Potential as a Clinical Tool to Evaluate Changes in Brain Function Associated with Concussion
Robert A Orsillo*, Prashant Singh, Angela Sehgal and Peter Derr
Significance: Concussions or mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) are the most common form of trau-matic brain injury. There is lack of reliable, diagnostic tools in healthcare for the treatment of mTBI. A Visual Evoked Potential (VEP) approach will enhance practitioners in diagnosing and treating mTBI. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in brain function associated mTBI/post-con-cussion syndrome (PCS) using Visual Evoked Potential (VEP). We examined the effects of mTBI on early visual processing to determine if the signs and symptoms of mTBI reflected the failure of retinal signal latency based on the paradigm that low spatial frequency (LSF) are processed faster than high spatial frequency (HSF) when measured at the pri.....
Opinion
The Telenanopresence Manifesto
Imagine being able to shrink and grow at will and operate as a human being across different scales. Then take this old movie idea and combine it with the emerging technology of telepresence. What you get is the ability of being present, and interact with your surroundings, in a distant location, in a different spatial scale. Realising a telepresence robot in the 1-meter scale is within our grasp, with many such machines being built around the world. What we want to propose here is that Telenanopresence technology, i.e. the ability to make telepresence robots in all different spatial scales, with a focus in the milli-micro scale, will be crucial for the miniaturisation of many industrial processes, and surely a fantastic way for exploring our creativity in the.....
Research Article
Extraction and Characterization of Natural Cellu-lose Fibers from Sanseveria Trifasciata Plant
The present study was undertaken to investigate fibers extracted from Sanseveria trifasciata leaves and to analyze their physical behavior of the fiber. The fibre was extracted from the leaves by retting method. Physical and mechanical characterizations were performed on Sanseveria trifasciata fiber (STF): fibre strength, elongation, fiber length, fineness, diameter and moisture content. The functional elements of the fiber were studied using FTIR spectroscopy for better understanding of their behavior. Thus, the above characteristics confirm that this fiber has wide scope in the field of textiles application.
Opinion
Opinion: Adherence to Treatment from a Third Generation Contextual Conductive Framework
Cristian Leonardo Santamaría Galeano*
The development of contextual therapies is showing a vertiginous development posing a new perspective to approach psychological problems effectively, and conceiving behavior as a responsible choice of the individual. In this sense, given the importance of adherence to treatment in the intervention of addictive behavior, it is important to begin to conceptualize adherence to treatment from this approach of therapeutic intervention. It provides an approach to the conceptualization of adherence to treatment from a behavioral-contextual framework.
Research Article
Improve Productivity of Warping by Optimization of Warping Speed and Beam Pressure
Patil RT, Gulhane SS*, Raichurkar PP and Sanjay Basak
Warping is aimed at preparing the weaver’s beam to be set up on the weaving machine. In warping, the yarns are taken from the spools placed on the creel and are wound around the warp beam or roll as per the calculated width of the fabric, an uninterrupted length of hundreds of warp yarns results, all oriented parallel to one another. The present study was conducted to determine the number of yarn breaks in the warping process on warping machine. The present study was conducted to determine the number of yarn breakages in the warping. It is the process which involves preparing the weaver’s beam for the weaving process with a predetermined number of spools or creel to the warp beam. The research encloses the basic problem of the amount of breakage rate of cotton.....
Review Article
Acrylamide-A Harmful Chemical Present in Food Entities
Acrylamide presence in food has become a serious issue as it leads to cancer formation. Acrylamide is
present in many of daily use products and is potentially hazardous for public health as well as environment. Acrylamide a simple organic compound that is responsible for causing cancer, neuro-degenerative diseases as well as other reproductive issues. Acrylamide is present in most of our food products and get worse with the cooking or heating process. It accounts for major health concerns because of its high-level consumption especially by young generation, which is fond of processed and baked food now-a-days. The conversion of acrylamide into carcinogenic agent is by the reaction called as Maillard reaction, which often leads to the browning or change in the food. time exposure to a subs.....
Review Article
GLP-1 Obesity and Diabetes Gerald H Tomkin and Daphne Owens
Obesity is commonly associated with type 2 diabetes. Weight reduction in obese subjects is effective in both preventing the onset of type 2 diabetes and in reversing the condition once present. GLP1 agonists have been shown to inhibit appetite both by delaying gastric emptying and increasing saiety at a central level. These drugs have been shown to delay the onset of type 2 diabetes, to reverse diabetes and to lower blood sugar in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Development of these drugs has resulted in prolongation of absorption so that they may be given by subcutaneous injections and more recently reports of an oral preparation of semaglutide that has similar efficacy to the subcutaneous preparation have appeared. The drugs have been shown to result in cardiovascular protection.
Research Article
Understanding the Potential of U-FAST Sintering Process – An Overview
As Tungsten carbide has a number of desired mechanical properties, including temperature resistance, high strength and toughness, which are suitable for industrial cutting tools therefore it is receiving great interest in cutting industry. One of the effective methods for the synthesis of cemented carbide is powder metallurgy. Sintering, a critical part of P/M is occurred by pressing the powder into die and then heat is provided for a period of time until the sintering temperature reaches. Numerous conventional sintering methods were used to prepare tungsten carbide such as vacuum sintering and microwave sintering. The conventional methods are time consuming and require high temperature and high pressure. Some of these issues are resolved by current sintering methods such as .....
Research Article
Cyber Security Challenges and Big Data Analytics
More than half of the global population is involved in the cyber world. With this massive population there is a generation of large amount of data. These data are of high-volume variety and velocity, which is collectively termed as Big data. The security of these data is of primary importance. Cybercrimes, threats are also taking the form of big data. We cannot deny the fact that we have conventional cyber security application that filters the anomalous traffic that are seamlessly working fine unto this point. But due to rapid expansion on data and threats these applications need to be updated. Big data analytics tool when incorporated with these traditional approaches may help to find the efficient measure to defeat security attacks. Here in this paper we have gone thro.....
Editorial
Counseling Psychology in Schools: Prevention and Early Intervention for Child and Adolescent Mental Disorders
Given increasing demands at school, coupled with increasing violence and home and school, more and more students are displaying symptoms of anxiety and depression, and at increasingly earlier ages. In response to these challenges, counseling and clinical psychologists have argued for a paradigm shift away from the traditional educational/school psychology model to providing more comprehensive services focused on school-based family treatments as well as testing students’ ability and psychological functioning [1] the goal of this shift is to better meet the academic, emotional, social needs of 21st century students. This shift is not merely an academic exercise but a critical step in student support services. Although the typical strategy is to refer these students and their families into.....
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