Abstract

Background: Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by fluctuating skeletal muscle weakness. Inflammatory and hematological markers, such as Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), leukocyte profiles and fibrinogen levels, may reflect disease activity, but their clinical relevance in MG is not well established.
Objective: To investigate hematological parameters, including leukocyte differentials, ESR, and fibrinogen levels, in MG patients compared to healthy controls.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 20 MG patients and 20 age-and sex-matched healthy controls. Venous blood samples were analyzed for total and differential leukocyte counts, ESR, and plasma fibrinogen. Data were expressed as mean±standard deviation and compared using independent t-tests and Pearson correlation analyses.
Result: MG patients exhibited significantly higher ESR (79.40±41.20)mm/hr and fibrinogen levels (432.67±105.66)mg/dL compared to controls (21.23±7.55)mm/hr and (256.40±115.59)mg/dL, respectively, (p<0.0001). Lymphocyte (55.23±6.95)% vs (38.37±9)%, (p<0.0001) and monocyte counts (7.27±5.13)% vs (2.40±3.15)%, (p<0.0001) were elevated, whereas neutrophil counts were reduced (35.80±8.28)% vs (58.10±10.43)%, (p<0.0001) in MG patients. Fibrinogen levels positively correlated with lymphocytes and monocytes, and negatively with neutrophils.
Conclusion: MG is associated with systemic inflammation, reflected by elevated ESR and fibrinogen and altered leukocyte profiles. Routine assessment of these parameters may aid in disease monitoring and risk stratification in MG patients.

Keywords:Myasthenia gravis; Inflammation; ESR; Fibrinogen; Leukocytes