Abstract

Rheology plays a crucial role in the formulation, application, and long-term stability of waterborne industrial coatings. Unlike solvent-based systems, the rheological behavior of waterborne coatings is strongly influenced by particle interactions, ionic strength, and associative thickener mechanisms. This review summarizes the fundamental aspects of rheology control, the types of rheology modifiers used in modern formulations, and their impact on dispersion stability. Moreover, the paper discusses advanced rheological characterization techniques and emerging approaches such as nanoparticle-assisted and stimuli-responsive systems. The insights aim to assist formulators in achieving optimal performancecost balance and improved storage stability in low-VOC coatings.

Keywords:Waterborne coatings; Rheology modifiers; Associative thickeners; Stability; Thixotropy; HEUR; HASE