The Author ensures that the research has been conducted responsibly and ethically with adherence to all relevant regulations. read more..
School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
*Corresponding author: Yifei Wang, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Submission: January 28, 2019;Published: February 26, 2019
In the mid of 1990s, Andreas Wagner proposed a gene regulatory network model where the self-development process was explicitly modelled in the system. The many-to-one mapping mechanism of genotype to phenotype in Wagner’s GRN model enables genes to buffer against and even exploit likely variations in the genome. This mechanism is crucial for evolutionary innovations, because genotypes which control gene-gene interactions can change profoundly without affecting phenotypes which represent gene activities or expression concentrations. Wagner’s GRN model motivates research on the evolution of genetic networks and has been successfully employed to study many fundamental evolutionary and ecological questions. In this paper, I will review Wagner’s GRN model and currently available research papers that fall into its framework.
Ph.D in Agriculture from Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University
Research Professor, PhD, Holistic Research Institute
Professor, Chief Doctor, Director of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Associate Director of Department of Surgery, Doctoral Supervisor Tongji hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Senior Research Engineer and Professor, Center for Refining and Petrochemicals, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
Fellow of International Agency for Standards and Ratings (IASR), Edith Cowan University, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute
Chancellor Emeritus / Professor Emeritus of Chemistry and Physics, University of Missouri–St. Louis
Ph.D in Science from the Federal University of Alagoas, UFAL, Brazil
Assistant Professor in College of Architecture, Art and Design
Interim Dean, College of Education and Health Sciences, Director of Biomechanics Laboratory, Sport Science Innovation Program, Bridgewater State University
Wenzhou Medical University, China
Fooyin University, Taiwan
Saglik Bilimleri University, Turkey
Vincent Pol University, Poland
National Defence University of Malaysia, Malaysia
Dogus University, Turkey
Hope College, USA
Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
Southern Cross University, Australia
Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
City University of New York, USA
Khalifa University of Science & Technology, United Arab Emirates
Hebei Normal University, China
Alexandria University, Egypt
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India
Council for Agriculture Research and Analysis of Agri Economy (CREA), Italy
King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia
King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
University of Oregon, USA
University of Edinburgh, Scotland
University of Tennessee, USA
Central University of Venezuela, Venezuela
Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Iran
Tourin University, Italy
Teaching & Public Speaking, Spain
Paeditric Hospital "Giovanni XXIII", Italy
University of Nicosia, Cyprus
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Spain
Oral Roberts University, USA
Beijing Normal University, China
Howard University, USA
Edith Cowan University, Australia
Dubai Health Authority, UAE
University of Minnesota, USA
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India
Serhal Hospital, Lebanon
University of Malta, Malta
National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan
Molloy College, USA
Federal University of Piauí, Brazil
Krankenhaus Nordwest Hospital, Germany
Laval University, Canada
Cinvestav-Unidad Saltillo, Mexico
UPMC Hamot Neuroscience Institute, USA
Ramon Llull University, Spain
White Bear Associates, LLC, USA
Lehigh University, USA
California Southern University, USA
Institute of Solid State Physics of RAS, Russia
University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
Mansoura University, Egypt
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
University of Coimbra, Portugal