Abstract

Lithium-Ion Batteries (Li-ion) are the advance form of batteries recently utilized in various applications. Li-ion batteries are the preferred technology for hybrid and fully electric vehicles, power tools, and portable gadgets due to their unmatched combination of high energy and power density. In this battery the electrolyte acts as a conduit for the ion exchange that generates electricity. Batteries of all shapes and sizes are thought to be one of the best methods for storing energy; nonetheless, the environmental effects of widespread battery use continue to be a significant issue that needs further research. The high-energy materials and the organic components of a Li-ion battery are unstable at temperatures above 130-150 °C and are prone to produce greater heat. The battery temperature will rise further and the heat-releasing process will quicken if the created heat is not expelled. The main Li-ion battery components are presented and contrasted in this study, along with the accompanying battery management systems and methods for enhancing battery efficiency, capacity, and lifespan. The thermal runaway mechanism is discussed in this work, along with a number of thermal runaway mitigation strategies, such as separators, flame retardants, and safety vents.

Keywords:Battery efficiency; Li-ion batteries; Battery management systems; Electrode materials; Thermal runaway