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Abstract

Interventions in Obesity & Diabetes

Adiponectin; A Friend or Foe in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus? A Review

Submission: September 16, 2022Published: October 19, 2022

DOI: 10.31031/IOD.2022.06.000629

ISSN : 2578-0263
Volume6 Issue1

Abstract

The epidemic spread of diabetes is a modern-day health crisis. Treating and preventing diabetes has been identified as a major public health issue across the world. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent forms of the diabetes, and it is caused by a combination of environmental, behavioural, and genetic risk factors. There is a threefold increased risk of type 2 diabetes in those with a family history of diabetes mellitus compared to the unrelated individuals. The Adiponectin (AdipoQ) gene is only one of several genes that have a role in the progression of diabetes. Adiponectin a 30kDa protein hormone derived from an adipocyte, is encoded by the AdipoQ gene carrying a susceptibility locus for type 2 diabetes mellitus located on chromosome 3q27 which regulates adiponectin the most plentiful Adipokine in human plasma. The adiponectin has anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic and insulin-sensitising properties that plays a censorious role in the progression of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Plasma and serum levels of adiponectin (AdipoQ) are inversely correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) of the AdipoQ gene have been strongly associated with the pathogenicity of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, there is still some debate about the findings, and there are clear racial and geographical differences. Reviewing what is known about Adiponectin and the Adiponectin (AdipoQ) Gene, with a focus on its function in the physiology and pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus, is the goal of this article. Adiponectin was found to play a significant pathological role in the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Keywords:Adiponectin (AdipoQ); Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Pathogenesis; Insulin sensitivity; Polymorphism; Expression

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