Abstract

Mediterranean electric rays (Marbled Electric Ray Torpedo marmorata Risso, 1810 and Common or Eyed Electric Ray Torpedo torpedo Linnaeus, 1758) are benthic elasmobranchs that are widely distributed but poorly studied in the southeastern Mediterranean. This study examines the occurrence, bycatch patterns,and risks of electric rays in the Gaza Strip’s coastal waters. Data were gathered through repeated visits to landing sites and fish markets, supported by observations, specimen measurements, and consultations and discussions with fishermen and fisheries authorities, along with local media sources. Results indicate that both species are regularly encountered as non-target bycatch in artisanal fisheries, with Marbled Electric Rays more frequently recorded than Common Electric Ray. Specimens ranged from 12 to 45cm in total length, with a predominance of juveniles, suggesting that nearshore waters may function as nursery habitats. Bycatch arises mainly from bottom trawls, gillnets, and trammel nets, reflecting gear non-selectivity and species vulnerability. Although of low market value and typically discarded, their use has increased under recent food scarcity following the October 7, 2023 Israeli war. Handling poses occupational risks from electric shocks, though incidents are rare, minor, and non-fatal. Ecologically, electric rays play roles as benthic predators, but frequent juvenile capture raises sustainability concerns. The study underscores the need for improved bycatch monitoring, safer handling practices, and integration of bycatch management into local fisheries

Keywords:Mediterranean electric rays; Marbled electric ray; Torpedo marmorata; Common Electric ray; Torpedo torpedo; Bycatch; Artisanal fisheries; Electric discharge; risk, Consumption; Conservation; Gaza Strip; Palestine; Southeastern mediterranean