Abstract

Nosocomial infections have been recognized as one of the most critical problems in hospitalization, particularly in critical care units. As these infections prolong hospitalization, require extensive diagnostics and treatment, leads to high cost. The emergence of multidrug resistant pathogens has become a threat in critically ill, immuno-compromised patients due to the extensive use of antimicrobial. The most common types of nosocomial infections are pneumonia, urinary tract infections, meningitis, wound, soft tissue, surgical site infections and blood stream infections. These infections can be life threatening, capable of making of therapeutic options very difficult and limits the critical care settings. Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp are most common nosocomial pathogens. Among all nosocomial species Multidrug Resistance (MDR) A. baumnaii is most pathogenic microorganism. Here a review on A. baumannii in relation to nosocomial infection is carried out. This review includes risk factors, diagnosis modalities, pathogenesis, MDR properties, mechanism of MDR and treatment of A. baumannii.