Abstract

Green architecture, which integrates ecological principles and sustainable design practices, is essential for developing buildings that minimize environmental impacts and enhance resource efficiency. This literature review addresses the challenge of effectively implementing these practices amidst diverse design strategies and material choices. Green architecture focuses on principles such as efficient water systems, natural building techniques, and passive solar design to reduce energy consumption by up to 30% and lower carbon footprints by 20%. By evaluating recent studies, this review highlights how these principles, including orientation, natural ventilation, and solar control, contribute to environmental comfort and sustainability, achieving improvements in energy efficiency by approximately 25%. It also examines the role of green building materials, integrated cooling systems, and green roofs in reducing overall energy use by 15% and operational costs by 10%. The review further explores the effectiveness of active and passive design strategies and their combined approaches in improving building performance, with combined strategies demonstrating up to 40% better environmental impact reduction. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is identified as a key tool for integrating and analyzing green design, leading to a 20% improvement in project efficiency and a 15% reduction in resource wastage. The review concludes with a recommendation to adopt a comprehensive approach that combines advanced green materials, design strategies, and BIM integration to optimize sustainability outcomes and address the challenges of green building implementation.

Keywords:Green architecture; Sustainable building design; Energy efficiency; Renewable energy systems; Green building materials