Abstract

RNA-based therapeutics have transformed clinical practice in oncology, rare diseases, and infectious diseases, yet their application in Cardio Vascular Disease (CVD) remains limited. This mini-review explores the therapeutic potential of various RNA modalities-including siRNA, Anti-Sense Oligonucleotides (ASOs), messenger RNA (mRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA)-in the context of CVD. It highlights recent advances, such as the approval of Inclisiran for lipid lowering and clinical trials of VEGF-A mRNA for cardiac regeneration. The review also examines major translational challenges, particularly in achieving tissuespecific delivery to the heart. Finally, it outlines emerging strategies such as RNA-based polypharmacology and cardiac-targeted delivery platforms, emphasizing that while RNA therapeutics are not a universal solution, they offer credible potential for precision cardiovascular medicine.

Keywords: RNA-Based Therapeutics; Cardio Vascular Diseases/Therapy; Small Interfering RNA (siRNA); Messenger RNA (mRNA)/Pharmacology; Drug Delivery Systems/Methods; Non-Coding RNA/Therapeutic Use