Abstract

The burgeoning field of seawater electrolyte fuel cells holds transformative potential for Uncrewed Underwater Vehicles (UUVs) and as well as broader maritime operations. This technology offers a sustainable and efficient method to generate power on demand. The integration of such systems across various maritime agencies--including the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Coast Guard, NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers—could revolutionize their operational capabilities. Here, we delve into the science of these fuel cells, as well as specific in-water Operational Test and Evaluation (OT&E) protocols as applied by the U.S. Navy that could accelerate the applicability of the technology, broadly improving maritime operations globally.