Abstract

Mycorrhiza, a symbiotic association between fungi and plant roots, has been extensively studied for its ecological and agricultural significance. Recent advancements in molecular biology, climate change studies, and biotechnology have expanded our understanding of mycorrhizal functions. This review explores the latest discoveries in mycorrhizal research, including signaling mechanisms, biotechnological applications, interactions with pathogens, and their role in carbon sequestration. The evolving landscape of mycorrhizal research underscores the complexity and significance of plant-fungal interactions in natural ecosystems and human-modified environments. The recent discoveries of new species, the elucidation of molecular signaling pathways, and the understanding of their role in mitigating climate change highlight the importance of these fungi in both ecological and applied contexts. The continued exploration of mycorrhizal fungi offers the potential for groundbreaking advances in sustainable agriculture, environmental conservation, and climate change mitigation. Through deeper insights into their biology, diversity, and functionality, mycorrhizal fungi hold the key to unlocking more sustainable and resilient systems for the future.

Keywords: Mycorrhiza; Symbiotic; Biotechnology; Pathogens and plant immunity