1Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Shendi University, Sudan
2Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Shendi University, Sudan
*Corresponding author: Ghanem Mohammed Mahjaf, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Shendi University, Shendi, Sudan
Submission: September 05, 2024;Published: October 17, 2024
ISSN: 2578-0190 Volume7 Issue2
Background: Most uropathogenic bacteria exhibit multi-drug resistance, even with antibacterial
medicines intended to treat urinary tract infections. These are causing an increasing amount of health
and economic loss globally, so regional, national, and international action is required. Therefore, different
strategies utilizing bioactive components from conventionally used medicinal plants are needed to
address this issue.
Objectives: This study evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of different concentrations of ethanolic
Solenostemma argel (Harjal) extraction in the traditional treatment of urinary tract infections.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in Shendi Town, River Nile State, at the microbiology
laboratory at Shendi University. Fifty samples from both sexes were collected randomly from different
clinics in Shendi, from which eight strains of uropathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified using
colonial morphology, Gram stain, and biochemical tests. We tested the ethanolic Solenostemma argel
(Harjal) extract at concentrations of 100%, 50%, 25%, and 12.5% w/v, using the agar well diffusion
method.
Results: Out of a total of 50 clinical specimens confirmed, 22 (44% of them) were men, and 28 (56%)
were women. Of the total 50 clinical specimens, 15 (30%) were confirmed as Staphylococcus aureus, 20
(40%) Escherichia coli, 3 (6%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, 2 (4%) Citrobacter, 2 (4%) Enterobacter, 6 (12%)
Staphylococcus epidermidis, 1 (2%) Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and 1 (2%) E. fecalies. The extract of
Solenostemma argel has promising antibacterial activity against tested uropathogenic bacteria.
Conclusion: The Solenostemma argel possesses a remarkable antimicrobial effect on gram-positive
and gram-negative bacteria. Of all extracts, the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Solenostemma argel
were the most active, whereas the aqueous extracts of all plants do not possess significant antibacterial
activity both against standard and clinical strains. Ethanolic extracts of Solenostemma argel showed high
antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative at low concentrations, whereas they were
found to be ineffective at high actions. However, further studies are necessary to find active components
in Solenostemma argel extract and to confirm its mechanism of action.
Keywords:Solenostemma argel; Uropathogenic; Antimicrobial activity; Herbal medicine; Bacterial infections