Abstract

The utilization of low-grade hardwood to produce temporary bridges and mats is crucial due to economic benefits and positive environmental impact. This paper investigates the potential use of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) made from grade D and better sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) for temporary bridges. The veneers were parallel laminated with butt joints at six-inch intervals. The lamina was hot-pressed with phenol formaldehyde-impregnated paper under laboratory conditions. After cooling, three-point bending tests were conducted on the specimens. Moisture content and density of the tested specimens were measured. Parametric and nonparametric bending strength design values were calculated based on fifth percentiles reduced by a factor of uncertainty and 10-year load duration. The results showed that the laminated veneer lumber provided favorable design properties compared to alternative materials.

Keywords: Laminated veneer lumber; Parametric and non-parametric design values; Sweetgum engineered lumber; Underutilized hardwoods; Structural hardwood lumber