Abstract

Background: Low back pain, particularly sciatica, is a prevalent condition affecting 70-80% of the population. Sciatica, characterized by radiating pain along the sciatic nerve, is often caused by herniated discs and is associated with disability and increased healthcare costs. Ayurvedic treatments, including Agnikarma, have been proposed as effective interventions for managing sciatica symptoms.
Objective: The primary aim of this study was to clinically evaluate the efficacy of Agnikarma, based on Ayurvedic principles, in alleviating sciatica. Secondary objectives included examining potential untoward effects of Agnikarma in patients with sciatica.
Materials and Methods: A single-arm open-label clinical study was conducted at Dr. D.Y. Patil College of Ayurveda & Hospital, Navi Mumbai, with 50 participants. Patients with radiologically confirmed disc herniation and lumbo-sacral radicular syndrome lasting 6-12 weeks were selected. Agnikarma was performed using Rajat Shalaka (silver probe) for heat application on the affected area. The study employed weekly assessments of pain (Visual Analogue Scale - VAS), Straight Leg Raise (SLR) test, and other clinical parameters over 4 weeks.
Results: Statistically significant improvements were observed in pain reduction, range of motion (SLR), and pain intensity (VAS scores). The student’s t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed strong positive effects of the treatment with p-values < 0.0001, confirming that the intervention effectively reduced pain and improved mobility. No significant untoward effects were noted.
Discussion: Agnikarma showed promising results in the management of sciatica, with improvements in pain relief and functional mobility. The treatment’s probable mode of action includes local heat stimulation, which enhances blood circulation, promotes healing, and stimulates the body’s natural pain relief mechanisms.
Conclusion: This study supports the effectiveness of Agnikarma in treating sciatica, with statistically significant improvements in pain, mobility, and perceived pain intensity. Further research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods is warranted to confirm the long-term benefits of this intervention.

Keywords:Sciatica; Agnikarma; Pain relief; Ayurvedic treatment; Visual analog scale; Straight leg raise test; Clinical study