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Abstract
Techniques in Neurosurgery & Neurology
Complications of Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas-A Retrospective Review of Single Institutional Experience
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Open or CloseUgwuanyi CU1*, Anigbo AA1, Salawu MM2, Jibrin P3, Okpata CI1, Ayogu OM1,
Igbokwe KK4, Mordi CO4, Onobun DE4 and Okafor IW4
1Neurosurgery unit National Hospital, Nigeria
2Neuroanasthesia unit National Hospital, Nigeria
3Neuropathology unit National Hospital, Nigeria
4Wellington neurosurgery Centre, Nigeria
*Corresponding author: Ugwuanyi CU, Neurosurgery Unit National Hospital, Nigeria
Submission: December 1, 2021; Published: January 21, 2022
ISSN 2637-7748Volume4 Issue5
Abstract
Introduction: Considering the central endocrine regulating functions of the pituitary gland and its unique anatomical location underneath the hypothalamus, a sound knowledge of common complications of surgery on the pituitary gland propels a proactive management approach for a good outcome. Aims and Objectives: To review the commonly observed complications following surgery for pituitary adenomas
Methodology: A retrospective review of documentations on case notes of complications encountered following surgery for Pituitary Adenomas was conducted in 22 consecutive cases. Parameters of interest were biodata, clinical, biochemical and radiological diagnosis, surgical approach, complications and outcome. Complications of Interest were, Diabetes Insipidus, CSF Leak, Meningitis, Dyselectrolytemia, Hemorrhage Hormone Imbalance and Outcome. Data was assembled on excel spread sheet and analyzed with simple descriptive statistics and results presented in Tables & Figures. Result: 14 males (63.6%) and 8 females (37.4%) M: F (1.75: 1). Age range was 31-74, mean 50.5 years, SD 11.8 years. Commonest indication for surgery was nonfunctional macro adenoma with mass effect (54.6%) followed by prolactin secreting macro adenoma (40.9%) and Apoplexy (5.5%). Surgical approach was trans-sphenoidal route in 18/22 (82%) and transcranial in 4/22 (18%). Diabetes insipidus was the commonest complication 13/22 (59.1%), followed by CSF leak in 5/22 (22.7%) which was complicated by meningitis in 3 of 5 cases. Other complications were dyselectrolytemia, intraventricular hemorrhage, hypopituitarism. Mortality was 18% due to meningitis in two cases, IVH/obstructive hydrocephalus and dyselectolytemia one case each. Conclusion: Pituitary surgery is safe but does carry some risks of various postoperative complications which must be considered right from pre-op consent all through the execution of the operation and post op management in order to sustain the low morbidity and mortality usually associated with this operation.Keywords: Pituitary adenoma; Pituitary surgery; Complications; Outcome
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