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Extreme Bradycardia and Bradyarrhythmias at Athletes. What will Technology Development Bring as a Help to Diagnosis Them?

Author by: Robert Gajda*

Article Type: Mini Review

Published: December, 2019

DOI: 10.31031/RISM.2019.05.000617

Journal Name: Research & Investigations in Sports Medicine

Abstract: The morphological and functional cardiac adaptations induced by regular endurance training may be reflected in several athletes’ electrocardiographic variants [1]. Rhythm and heart rate disturbances, high QRS voltage, ST segment elevation in the so called “early repolarization,” vagotonic or high T wave voltages, first degree AV block, incomplete right bundle branch block (RBBB) are the most common findings. Sinus bradycardia is the most frequent adaptation [2]. A detailed description of the athlete’s heart adaptation to effort and most common ECG changes at athletes can be found in numerous papers in the second half of the 20th century [3-5] and an extensive description of athletes’ heart ECG is out of the scope of the present chapter. An excellent review of the present interpretation of ECG in athletes and practical recommendations for physicians has been recently published by a recognized group of international experts [6].

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