Abstract

Heparin is a natural anticoagulant from animal organs with excellent anticoagulant activity, and it is of high price as the raw material for the preparation of heparin originates from the special organs of animals. There is also the problem of biological rejection. As Pentosan sulfate has a similar chemical structure to heparin and is prepared from renewable plant-derived pentosan, so the preparation and biological activity evaluation of pentosan sulfate has become a new research hotspot in the field. This paper mainly reviews the structure, physical and chemical properties, preparation methods and the analysis and evaluation of various biological activities of pentosan sulfate. The future development of pentosan sulfate is to find plant-based pentosans with similar structure to heparin, to develop the green technology for the controllable preparation and to explore the relationship between the bioactivity and its physical and chemical properties of pentosan sulfate to accelerate its practical application in medicine and biomaterials.

Keywords:Heparin; Pentosan; Pentosan sulfate; Biological activity; Green preparation; Application