The Author ensures that the research has been conducted responsibly and ethically with adherence to all relevant regulations. read more..
Department of Obstetric Gynecology, India
*Corresponding author: Subrat Panda, Department of Obstetric Gynecology, India
Submission: October 04, 2021 Published: October 21, 2021
Volume4 Issue5 October, 2021
Objectives: Cigarette smoking is associated with subfertility in males and may lead to a decrease in sperm concentration, lower sperm motility, and a reduced percentage of morphologically normal sperms. The objective of the study is to find out the effect of smoking with semen parameters and the relationship between amount of cigarette smoking and semen parameters.
Method: This is a hospital-based cohort study conducted in the Infertility clinics of NEIGRIHMS from December 2019 for a period of 1year. 254 male partners were enrolled for the study. Routine semen analysis was carried out under light microscopy according to WHO guidelines.2010. Data was analysed to find out relation of smoking with semen parameters and the relationship between amount of cigarette smoking per day and semen parameters by using SPSS Software Version 21.
Result: In the one-year period we had 140 cases of non-smoker and 114 cases of smokers. On analysis of the findings of sperm count, smokers have relative risk of 2.45 of getting oligozoospermia (p value=0.0005). Smokers have relative risk of 1.5 of having total motility <50%. For progressive motility, smokers have relative risk of 2.01 of getting progressive motility<32%. No dose relationship with abnormal semen parameter.
Conclusion: Smoking affected sperm count, and total and progressive motility but there was no dose and effect relationship between number of cigarettes per day and its affect on semen parameter.
Keywords: Smoking; Non-smokers; Total motility; Progressive motility; Vitality; Morphology
Ph.D in Agriculture from Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University
Research Professor, PhD, Holistic Research Institute
Professor, Chief Doctor, Director of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Associate Director of Department of Surgery, Doctoral Supervisor Tongji hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Senior Research Engineer and Professor, Center for Refining and Petrochemicals, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
Fellow of International Agency for Standards and Ratings (IASR), Edith Cowan University, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute
Chancellor Emeritus / Professor Emeritus of Chemistry and Physics, University of Missouri–St. Louis
Ph.D in Science from the Federal University of Alagoas, UFAL, Brazil
Assistant Professor in College of Architecture, Art and Design
Interim Dean, College of Education and Health Sciences, Director of Biomechanics Laboratory, Sport Science Innovation Program, Bridgewater State University
Professor of numerous training courses in Family Medicine
Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Computer Science
Emeritus Professor of Physics, Kadir Has University, Turkey
Wenzhou Medical University, China
Fooyin University, Taiwan
Saglik Bilimleri University, Turkey
Vincent Pol University, Poland
National Defence University of Malaysia, Malaysia
Dogus University, Turkey
Hope College, USA
Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
Southern Cross University, Australia
Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
City University of New York, USA
Khalifa University of Science & Technology, United Arab Emirates
Hebei Normal University, China
Alexandria University, Egypt
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India
Council for Agriculture Research and Analysis of Agri Economy (CREA), Italy
King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia
King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
University of Oregon, USA
University of Edinburgh, Scotland
University of Tennessee, USA
Central University of Venezuela, Venezuela
Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Iran
Tourin University, Italy
Teaching & Public Speaking, Spain
Paeditric Hospital "Giovanni XXIII", Italy
University of Nicosia, Cyprus
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Spain
Oral Roberts University, USA
Beijing Normal University, China
Howard University, USA
Edith Cowan University, Australia
Dubai Health Authority, UAE
University of Minnesota, USA
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India
Serhal Hospital, Lebanon
University of Malta, Malta
National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan
Molloy College, USA
Federal University of Piauí, Brazil
Krankenhaus Nordwest Hospital, Germany
Laval University, Canada
Cinvestav-Unidad Saltillo, Mexico
UPMC Hamot Neuroscience Institute, USA
Ramon Llull University, Spain
White Bear Associates, LLC, USA
Lehigh University, USA
California Southern University, USA
Institute of Solid State Physics of RAS, Russia
University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
Mansoura University, Egypt
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
University of Coimbra, Portugal