Indian Statistical Institute, Indian Maritime University, Indian Ports Association, India
*Corresponding author:Satyendra Nath Chakrabartty, Indian Statistical Institute, Indian Maritime University, Indian Ports Association, India
Submission: April 12, 2023;Published: April 28, 2023
ISSN: 2639-0612 Volume6 Issue5
Background: Empirical studies indicate association of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) with increased risks of
Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs). However, controversial results emerged.
Objectives: To measure the association between MS and CVD using pathological data and scales to assess
s MS and CVD.
Methods: The paper provides an assumption-free method to convert item scores to normally distributed
scale scores, avoiding limitations of scales to assess MS or CVD satisfying desired properties. Binary and
categorical pathological data may also be transformed to follow normal and data in ratio scale may be
standardized followed by transformation and added with scale scores.
Result: Association through contingency table need meaningful scale scores to obtain the cell
frequencies. Proposed scores can classify the sample in relevant classes through equivalent scores and
find cell frequencies. Associations by correlations are preferred over frequency based measures. However,
correlations may not imply linearity.
Conclusion: Normally distributed proposed scores ensure meaningful addition of item scores to get
dimension/scale scores for individuals and contribute to improve scoring of instruments. Such scores
facilitate better comparisons, measurement of association, statistical tests and identification of areas
requiring changes in clinical practice, treatment protocols, community program management and
estimating population parameters and testing of statistical hypothesis.
Keywords: Multiple sclerosis; Cardiovascular disease; Contingency table; Normal distribution; Transformations