1Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás – Goiânia, GO - Brazil
2Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, RJ, Brazil
3Laboratory of Education and Research in In Vitro Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
4Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas – UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
5Department of Phytosanitary, School of Agronomy, Federal University of Goiás – Goiânia, GO, Brazil
6Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília – Brasília, DF, Brazil
*Corresponding author:Maria Aderuza Horst, Faculdade de Nutrição -Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 227, Setor Leste Universitário, CEP: 74605-080 - Goiânia, GO - Brazil
Submission: October 04, 2022;Published: October 20, 2022
Volume6 Issue4 October , 2022
The oropharyngeal cancer is the popular medicinal uses of Curcuma caesia Roxb. (C. caesia) include the treatment of cancer. We aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of C. caesia extract in oropharyngeal cancer cells. Total phenolic compounds and secondary metabolites of C. caesia extracts were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu and UPLC-QToF-MS methods, respectively. Cellular analyses were carried out in an oropharynx cancer cell line (FaDu) and in a control keratinocyte cell line (Hacat). The cytotoxicity assay was carried out by reduction of 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). Flow cytometry was conducted to evaluate cell cycle progression, and cell morphology was evaluated using Giemsa-May-Grunwald stain. Analysis of the intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP), and the expression of p21, Bax and cytochrome c were conducted. The extract demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxic activity in both cell lines. Increased retention was seen in the early stages of the cell cycle (G0/G1) in FaDu cells. Moreover, FaDu cells showed strong alterations in their morphology that suggested cellular apoptosis and there was increased expression of p21 in that line. The treatment with C. caesia extract shows no significant differences in ROS, cytochrome c or Bax in both cell lines. C. caesia extract reduces cell viability and induces apoptosis in FaDu cells without deleterious effects in Hacat cells. To our best knowledge, there has been no other study that described such effect in cancer cells due to the treatment of organic C. caesia extract.
Keywords: Cell viability; Oropharyngeal cancer; p21 expression; Apoptosis; Zingiberaceae; Phenolic compounds