Abstract

Current experimental program has been carried out in order to determine the outputs of crop rotation in mountain and steppe areas in the outskirts of Almaty. The main morphogenetic characters have been studied by implying the collection of common beans, Phaseolus vulgaris L composed of several samples from such countries as Kazakhstan, China, Czech Republic, Poland, Turkey, Russia and USA, generated under different climate and soil conditions. A series of useful genetic resources displaying major economically valuable traits were identified. Several introduced cultivars of common bean have revealed proper seed emergence rate, suitable maturation and significant resistance to the water scarcity [1,2]. Some Kazakhstani varieties have been shown to surpass foreign specimens and cultivars by the seed weight and other parameters. It has been indicated that cv. “Luna” from Czech collection would get maturation the first (80 days from planting to complete technical maturity), whereas the rest of cultivars have been recorded to rich the same conditions a decade later [3]. Local specimen “Aktatti” has manifested its response to the effect of new bio-organic mineral fertilizer synthesized by the Faculty of Chemistry [4]. Basic catalogue of common bean resources including approximately 40 parental cultivars and accessions of Phaseolus vulgaris L and their relatives originally from different geographic regions has been compiled [5].

The data have been completed by quantitative and qualitative amino acid analysis. Kazakhstani and external cultivars and specimens respectively have been subdivided by the data on amino acid composition of seeds further tested by liquid chromatography. Essential amino acids have been determined to set up approximately 30% of the total content of amino acids among Kazakhstani specimens [6]. If tyrosination index (Phe/Tyr ratio) for external varieties was equal to 0.88-0.89, local specimens have shown the similar index to be around 0.90-0.95. This difference may emphasize the role of powerful membrane proteins in strengthening domestic lines by a composite stability (resilience, temperature and metabolic) when compared to international common bean specimens under investigation [7]. Following research on domestic bean collection in terms of the application of another developing branches of bean biology and biotechnology is considered to require special attention of researchers and authorities in charge [8].

Keywords: Common bean; Cultivar; Catalogue of stock resources; Amino acid composition