Abstract

This study investigated illness perceptions of Bulimia Nervosa as held by women who recovered from the disorder. It investigated how local social and cultural factors affect an individual’s experience of bulimia, and the impact of bulimia on women’s identity before and after recovery. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight participants. Data was analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Leventhal’s Self-Regulatory Model of Illness Perceptions was a lens through which data was interpreted. Three global themes emerged namely perceptions of the disorder, sociocultural factors and identity construction. Findings reveal that bulimia has wide-ranging biopsychosocial implications. It is characterized by shame and secrecy and equated to an addictive disorder. The disorder was described as being internalized to the extent of consuming the individual, blurring one’s self-concept. Findings highlight how identity changes during the course of bulimia and recovery from it. Participants commented on experiencing mismanagement of symptoms and lack of awareness of the disorder among healthcare professionals. They explain how sociocultural factors such as prevalent food practices and public perceptions of bulimia might impact a person who is affected by this disorder. This has implications for help-seeking behavior. Recommendations for clinical practice, policymakers, and future research are outlined.

Keywords:Bulimia nervosa; Reflexive thematic analysis; Illness perceptions; Sociocultural factors; Identity