Abstract

Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Vitex doniana Stem Bark Extracts Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Infected Wound

  • Open or Close Gambo SB1, Shehu AA2, Labaran HB1 and Ali M3*

    1 Department of Biological Sciences, Rabiu Musa Kwankwaso College of Advanced and Remedial Studies, Nigeria

    2 Department of Microbiology, Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil, Nigeria

    3 Department of Biological Science, Federal University Gusau, Nigeria

    *Corresponding author: Muhammad Ali, Department of Biological Science, Federal University Gusau, Nigeria

Submission: September 28, 2018; Published: October 16, 2018

Abstract

Wound infections have been recognized as the most critical problem especially in the presence of foreign materials that increase the risk of serious infection even with relatively small bacterial infection. This study was carried out to determine the antibacterial activity of stem bark extract of Vitex doniana against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa obtained from infected wounds. Different concentrations of honey extract stem bark extracts of Vitex doniana (25, 50, 75 and 100mg/ml) were tested using agar well diffusion method to determine their antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa isolated from infected wounds of patients attending Muhammad Abdullahi Wase Specialist Hospital, Kano. The phytochemical screening of the stem bark showed the presence of alkaloid, tannins, saponin, flavonoid, Anthraquinone, terpenoid, phenol and glycoside. The antibacterial activity of the stem bark extracts showed that the extracts were active against the isolates with higher antibacterial activity recorded in methanol extract compared to aqueous extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract from this study ranges from 12.5-50mg/ml while the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts ranges from 25-50mg/ml. Statistical analysis of the results showed that there is no significant different in the activity of the plant extracts at p< 0.05. Based on the results of this study, it is concluded that extracts are active against wound bacterial isolates and can be used as a therapy for wound infection.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Phytochemicals; Staphylococcus aureus; Wound)

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