Abstract

Obesity is metabolic health problem among population worldwide. It is reported that 7%-27% of adults are obese, bodymass index is greater than 30kg/m2. Obesity leading to shorten life expectancy and poor quality of life because of development of many chronic diseases and complications, particularly diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cancer. Known risk factors related to obesity were genetic, overconsumption of unhealthy diets and lack of regular exercise. Excess taking of high calorie-diets containing sugar, high fructose corn syrup and trans-fat results in accumulation of advanced glycation end products and endothelial dysfunction. Moreover, low physical activity results in enlarge adipocyte cells, insulin resistance, elevated of plasma glucose, dyslipidemia, alteration of enteroendocrine and reproductive hormones associated with obesity complications. These epigenetic factors can be managed with modification of healthy lifestyles.