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Abstract

Global Journal of Endocrinological Metabolism

The Glycemic Control Difference in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Submission: April 17, 2018; Published: April 24, 2018

DOI: 10.31031/GJEM.2018.02.000528

ISSN 2637-8019
Volume2 Issue2

Abstract

Effective treatment and follow-up for type 1 diabetics have resulted significant increase in the number of adult type 1 diabetic patients. Psychological adaptation problem and impairment in glycemic control have been observed Type 1 diabetic patients that have been referred from pediatric endocrinology clinics to adult endocrinology clinics. Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are clinically different from each other in terms of age of onset, ketosis tendencies, family history and metabolic differences. We investigated whether there was a difference between glycemic controls of type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients who were referred to our hospital endocrinology and diabetes outpatient clinics, and probable causes for his condition. 17,985 patients who applied to our hospital for the last 5 years were included. Age, sex, glucose, A1C, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and TSH levels of all patients were recorded retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups, Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.

Glucose (p=0.0001) and A1C (p=0.0001) values were found to be statistically higher in type 1 diabetic patients. In Type 2 diabetic patients total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) levels were significantly higher, while there was no statistically significant difference in HDL and TSH levels. Oral anti-diabetic use rather than frequent insulin injections in our Type 2 diabetes group may be one of the factors that increase treatment compliance. Relative high incidence of hypoglycemia due to absolute insulin deficiency in type 1 diabetics may lead to weight problems and increase in A1C as the dose of insulin may be skipped. In type 1 diabetics, prolonged duration of the disease may be one of the factors that leads to impaired glycemic control and increased diabetic complications

Keywords: Type 1 diabetes mellitus; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Glycemic control; A1c

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