Abstract

Avocado seed oil is organic compounds consisting of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids that can. The avocado seed was collected from the small fruit processing industry of municipal which discharges as waste to environment. The objective of this paper to develop retanning agent based on phenolic from avocado seed wastes for leather application and create eco-friendly environment. The avocado seed have two parts necessary for this work the oil and the tanning, due to this can be reused those part for other application. The method was followed by this project first to determine the physical properties of avocado seed like moisture content (61.5%), protein content (65.5), and ash content (1.43). And characterized the extracted oil of avocado seed like Acid value (7.73mg of KOH), Saponification value (214.5mg KOH/g), Ester value (207.3mg KOH), Iodine value (51.8mg iodine/g), Free Fatty Acid (3.63%) and then extracted the tannin based on the phenolic by using different solvent has gotten different result. Water based extracted tanning at 100 °C with 8hr was the optimized product for the leather application, but the hexane based extracted tanning was better given concentration of phenolic tannin.

The extracted tannin of avocado seed can be separated the liquor and the residual part then the liquor can be analysed with DLS for particle size determination and activity of the functional groups measured by FTIR. Based on this result the particle size of the extracted tannin was suitable for leather that can be determined by the exhaustion of the liquor. The optimized product applying in leather processing at stage of retanning process has shown a good leather physical test compare to the conventional processing.

Keywords:Avocado seed; Avocado seed oil; Phenolic retanning agent; Solvent; Leather processing; Municipal waste; Eco-friendly