Abstract

The aim of the scientific project is to develop directions for optimisation of nature management in the impact area of past mining sites in the Kizel Сoal Basin based on revealing regularities of modern alluvial sedimentation processes in river basins and final water bodies of river runoff using the rivers of the Yaiva, Chusovaya, Kosva basins (Perm region, Russia) as examples (Figure 1). The carried-out research has shown that in zones of intensive technogenic influence modern alluvial deposits are the complex natural-technogenic formation. They are formed under the influence of both natural and anthropogenic factors [1]. The study of their composition and forms of presence of chemical elements in them allows to reveal migration flows of substances and identify zones with different intensity of technogenic impact on river water and sediments. The greatest danger is posed by anthropogenic deposits formed in river valleys up to 1km downstream of my self-discharges. The technogenic sediments produced by mixing mine and river water migrate downstream in the form of suspended matter. Flooding occurs most intensively during the flood season. The most contaminated sediments are in river sections downstream of my spills: the Vilva River-downstream of the town of Gremyachinsk to the mouth (the Usva and Chusovaya Rivers are further contaminated), the Kosva Riverdownstream of the town of Gubakha to the mouth, the Kizel and Vilva (northern) Rivers - downstream of the town of Kizel to the mouth (the Yayva River is further polluted). Under current conditions, the impact of development effects has been noted on the longer river parts than during the period of active coal field development. Most of the silty-clay material of the rivers studied in the anthropogenic impact areas is bright orange and rust coloured due to the high content of iron compounds. It is deposited in the channel areas and covers the coarse clastic sediments of the rivers (Figure 2).