Abstract

Background: The clinical-epidemiological differences and their importance regarding public health between cases of COVID-19 reinfection without vaccination and cases of COVID-19 reinfection with 1, 2 or 3 doses of vaccine are not known.
Objectives: To compare the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of the cases of COVID-19 reinfection without vaccination with the cases of COVID-19 reinfection with 1, 2 or 3 doses of vaccine, to assess whether there are differences in health utility applicable to clinical work in general medicine.
Methodology: An observational, longitudinal and prospective study of COVID-19 re-infections was conducted from March 1, 2020, to July 1, 2022, in a general medicine office in Toledo, Spain.
Result: Eight cases of COVID-19 reinfection without vaccination and 35 with vaccine (1, 2 or 3 doses) were included. 2 cases presented 2 reinfections: 2 women aged 17 and 19, with 2 and 1 dose of the vaccine, respectively. The unvaccinated COVID-19 reinfection cases were younger, male, of a lower socialoccupancy class, and with more complex problems in the family context. There were no statistically significant differences between the cases of COVID-19 reinfection without vaccination and those vaccinated (1, 2 or 3 doses) by presence of health care workers, low-income household, ethnic minority, severity of primary infection symptoms, chronic diseases, days from primary infection (or first reinfection) to reinfection (or second re-infection), or year of reinfection (2020, 2021 or 2022).
Conclusion: The cases of COVID-19 reinfection without vaccination vs. cases of COVID-19 reinfection with vaccine (1, 2 or 3 doses) are not differentiated by biological factors, but by psychosocial variables, which probably associate other health behaviors with not being vaccinated against COVID-19

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Reinfections; COVID-19 vaccine; General practice; Public healthBile Duct, IHBC: Intrahepatic Biliary Channel; MRCP: Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography