Study of the Resistance of Special Textile to Exposure to Acid and Oil

Now it is necessary to design new types of textile materials for special clothing that are characterized by necessary complex of protective characteristics. The special clothes for chemical and oil industry workers are exposed to various aggressive environments. Since work in these industries is associated with a large number of adverse factors, their workwear should protect them from the effects of aggressive media (oil and alkali). Harmful effects are also caused by oil and petroleum products when liquid petroleum products enters the human body or when one inhales its vapors [1-3].

Determining the degree of influence of aggressive factors on the durability of textile is also one of the most important tasks in the scientific development and design of products, since the production of high-quality clothing is possible only when developing fabrics considering various parameters.

The purpose of this work is to develop a unique textile for special working clothes of the chemical, petrochemical and oil-producing industries, the main characteristic of which is resistance to aggressive environments of oil and alkali.

An analysis of global trends in the design of modern fabrics for special clothes in various industries was carried out, the working conditions of employees in the chemical, petrochemical and oil-producing industries were analyzed, industries that need modern protective clothing from these factors were identified (for the most harsh environment), and also analyzed the volume of special fabrics and personal protective equipment required in these industries. One of the main directions in improving the quality of textile products is to increase their wear resistance [4-6]. Polymer textile is commonly used for these purposes [7,8].

Studies of the influence of nonequilibrium low-temperature plasma of reduced pressure to increase resistance to aggressive environment (oil, alkali and acid) of special-purpose clothing made of nanostructured textile materials containing natural fibers have been carried out.

As a result of studies of the effect of plasma flow on oil permeability in samples of textile materials it was found that a short exposure (τ=1m / min) leads to an increase in the permeability time of an oil drop to 12 hours [9].

Thus, the textile materials for workwear based on the application of the nanostructuring method of samples by the flow of nonequilibrium low-temperature plasma are able to protect against caustic chemicals and oil.

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6. Sheromova IA (2006) Textile materials: obtaining, structure, properties: a textbook. VSUES Publishing House, Vladivostok, Russia, p. 220.
7. Safonov VV (2014) Protective polymer coatings and materials: Part I. Preparation of materials with water and fire resistance, In: Safonov VV (Ed.), FGBOU VPO "MGUDT", p. 145.
8. (2009) Development of technology for the production of textile materials for special clothing and personal protective equipment based on domestic high-modulus, high-strength and heat-resistant fibers and threads having a high oxygen index: Research and development report (stage 1), FSUE TsNIHBI.
9. Khammatova EA (2016) Development of technologies for the production of modified composite fiber materials used in the petrochemical and oil refining complexes (scientific monograph). In: Khammatova EA, Gainutdinov RF, Matveev Yu N (Eds.), Publishing House of the National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia, p. 264.