Abstract

Nanotechnology has spread around the world due to its large range of uses, as well as its original and distinctive qualities. Nanomaterials of many types have been studied since their properties are largely determined by the size, shape, and composition of the materials, which are frequently used in the biomedical area. The application of nanotechnology in medicine, particularly in the field of orthopaedics, is a hot topic of debate. Our study gives a complete overview of the existing and prospective future applications of nanotechnology in orthopaedic subspecialties. Nanotechnology has a wide range of innovative uses, including the use of nanoparticles as scaffolds to improve the interface between orthopaedic implants and native bone. Nanotechnology has the potential to transform orthopaedic surgery diagnostics and therapy. Various biomedical devices, such as dental implants consisting of titanium, magnesium, cobalt, and other metals, are surgically implanted in the jawbone where teeth are missing. The replacement of a prosthetic implant for the hip joint is done by surgical procedures. Pacemakers for artificial heart valves or prosthetic implants, stents put inside the body, and other cardiovascular implants are examples. In addition, we will expand on the basic considerations of employing nanomaterials in implantable devices, dental implants/ prosthodontics, spine, orthopaedic implants, hip and knee replacements, cardiovascular implants, and others phakic intraocular lens and cosmetic implants in this paper.

Keywords: Orthopedics; Engineering technology; Nanotechnology; Disease-related problems; Implantable materials; Therapeutic applications; Biomaterials; Tissue engineering

Abbreviations:PMMA: Polymethylmethacrylate; PLA: Poly Lactic Acid; NP: Nanoparticle