Abstract

Historically, Breast Cancer (BC) has not been considered as an immunogenic tumor, however over the past few years in particular several studies have demonstrated the significance and the high prognostic value of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in several solid tumors including BC [1]. It is worth mentioning that triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumors showed a high degree of immune infiltration when compared with hormone receptor positive subtypes. Therefore, clinicians hypothesized that the use of immunotherapy among TNBC patients specially those showing a high degree of TILs could definitely lead to better tumor responses and better eradication of the disease [2]. Moreover, proof-of-principle studies with immune-checkpoint inhibitors in advanced-stage TNBC patients have yielded promising results, proving the potential benefit of immunotherapy for TNBC patients [3].