Abstract:

Dyslipidemia, hypertension and other symptoms are part of the well-known metabolic syndrome (MS). MS is extended well beyond the cardiovascular system. In infertile men the androgen deficiency is associated with increased triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Increase T levels are associated with lower risk in men and with higher risk in women. It is necessary to keep in mind that cardiovascular diseases can be influenced by sex hormones and other types of hormones. Testosterone is a pleiotropic hormone that plays an important role in the human body. Through its conversion to E2, T affects bone health, including bone density. BMI has been correlated with the value of systolic blood pressure, ratio LH/FSH and T, and it was inversely correlated with the hormones FSH and PRL in infertile woman with polycystic ovary. The influence of many hormones on the cardiovascular function also depends on act directly through specific receptors in heart or vessel wall cells, whereas some act indirectly - stimulating other neuroendocrine factors. The majority of those hormones play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, which can result in the development of new medicines.

In conclusion, cardiovascular diseases may be the main or associated cause of reproductive failure in infertile couples: however, the interactions that exist between the cardiovascular system and the endocrine reproductive system must be focused on each patient individually.

Keywords: Dyslipidemia; Hypertension; Metabolic syndrome; Infertility

Abbreviations: BMI: Body Mass Index; DHEA-S: Dehydroepiandrosterone-Sulphate; E2: Estradiol; FT: Free Testosterone; HDL-C: High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; LDL-C: Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; PCO: Polycystic Ovary; PRL: Prolactine; T: Testosterone; TC: Total Cholesterol; TGs: Triglycerides