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Abstract

Developments in Clinical & Medical Pathology

Enterovirus 71 in Europe: A Briefing

Submission: February 28, 2018;Published: March 22, 2018

Volume1 Issue1
March 2018

Abstract

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) was first identified in California in 1969 and described in 1974 by Schmidt et al. Since then it has been implicated in more than 10 small and large outbreaks world-wide. Wide epidemic of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), generally benign, occurred in Japan in 1973 and 1978. Important outbreaks with brain stem encephalitis and high mortality rates have been described in Europe in the 1970s (Bulgaria and Hungary in 1975 and 1978 respectively), in Malaysia in 1997 and Taiwan in 1998 and in Asia-Pacific region, including China and Korea. Recently, EV-A71 epidemics have been reported in European countries, such as the Netherlands, France, Spain. EV-A71 infection causes hand-footmouth disease, herpangina, fever and usually resolves spontaneously and do not need specific treatment, however, can sometimes induces a variety of neurological complications, including encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, pulmonary edema and acute flaccid paralysis that can be fatal. In this review we focus on enterovirus A71 infections, summarizing that one’s occurred in Europe which have raised particular concern about the potential emergence of EV-A71 as a worldwide health threat.

Keywords: Enterovirus A71; Outbreaks; Clinical features; CNS involvement

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