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1School Basic Medical Sciences, China
2Department of Anatomy and Embryology, China
3School of Medicine, China
*Corresponding author: Emmanuel Suluba, School Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong, China
Submission: October 04, 2019; Published: October 15, 2019
A hemodynamic disturbance in children with congenital heart defects (CHD) impairs cerebral perfusion resulting into brain neural injury. Neural injury in CHDs patients can occur prenatally, postnatal or during surgical repair of the defects (reperfusion injury) often following hypoxia induced oxidative stress. The brain subventicular zone (SVZ) contain postnatal niche of neural stem cells. SVZ cells are very sensitive to hypoxia and may be damaged in children with CHDs. Oligodendriocytes and myelinated fibers are documented to be most vulnerable in conditions of diminished oxygen supply to the brain thus frequently damaged in patient with CHDs. The evaluation of brain associated consequences is frequently overlooked in many cases of CHDs. Therefore, this mini review put forward the impact of CHDs on brain white matter, cognitive and behavior. In addition, it highlights the important infant cognitive evaluation tools and novel techniques used to study the brain white matter.
Keywords:Congenital heart diseases CHDs; White matter injury; Brain volume; Cortical thickness; Psychomotor development; Cognitive; Behavior
Abbrevations:CHD: Congenital Heart Defects; SVS: Sub Ventricular Zone; HLHS: Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome; TOF: Tetralogy of Fallot; TGV: Transposition of Greater Vessels
Ph.D in Agriculture from Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University
Research Professor, PhD, Holistic Research Institute
Professor, Chief Doctor, Director of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Associate Director of Department of Surgery, Doctoral Supervisor Tongji hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Senior Research Engineer and Professor, Center for Refining and Petrochemicals, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
Fellow of International Agency for Standards and Ratings (IASR), Edith Cowan University, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute
Chancellor Emeritus / Professor Emeritus of Chemistry and Physics, University of Missouri–St. Louis
Ph.D in Science from the Federal University of Alagoas, UFAL, Brazil
Assistant Professor in College of Architecture, Art and Design
Interim Dean, College of Education and Health Sciences, Director of Biomechanics Laboratory, Sport Science Innovation Program, Bridgewater State University
Professor of numerous training courses in Family Medicine
Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Computer Science
Emeritus Professor of Physics, Kadir Has University, Turkey
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