Abstract

Periodontal disease one of the most common and prevalent diseases of the oral cavity has been a challenge in its etiology, diagnosis and treatment. The etiology of periodontal disease is multifactorial and it is considered that biofilm plays an essential role in its development and evolution. Because of this, the vast majority of periodontal diseases are treated by controlling the biofilm that accumulates around the teeth. Is this kind of method really enough to establish an effective treatment of periodontal disease? It would be interesting to analyze the evidence of how the periodontal disease is established. In order to induce experimental periodontitis [1], it will always be necessary to introduce a predisposing risk factor which associated with biofilm may initiate periodontal disease (e.g. ligature around a tooth, diabetes mellitus). If the predisposing risk factor is not introduced, it will probably be impossible to establish the onset of periodontal disease.