Abstract

Savanna biome is well known with high temperature, low humidity, and loose sandy soil. Among common species in this area are azardirachta indica, dalbergia sissoo, phoenix dactylifera, Balanities eagyptiaca and Eucalyptus camadulensis. These tree species have great potentials in Northern Nigeria in terms of adaptability, economics, and environmental values. Recent research proof that the tree species such as Adansonia digitata, tamarindus indica, parkia biglobosa, vitellaria paradoxa, hyphaene thebaica, faidherbia albida, khaya senegalensis and Borassus aethiopica were the most commonly exploited and endangered economic tree species which were used for different purposes. Some of these species had been used for afforestation programs and research purposes. Among the causes of species endangerment are human activities such as Deforestation, mining and urbanization, other factors are growing population high-cost hydrocarbon products, exploitation of natural resources. Sustainability of forest resources is achievable when carefully planned conservation programs are put in place. Therefore, a way forward in achieving sustainability in resource conservation is through the full participation of the stalk holders, including local communities, indigenous people, and the sustainable management of natural resources. According to scientist, biodiversity can be conserved through ex-situ conservation. Furthermore, environmental education proved to be best in a discovery. Some of the most important available tools for conservation are habitat conservation and law-enforcement. Re-introduction technique is also a supportive mean of conserving tree species. Seed and plant collection was the least out of the methods. Failure to take the necessary actions will lead to environmental problems. Therefore, all stakeholders at different levels must involve in meaningful conservation and sustainable development efforts.

Keywords:Endangered; Tree species; Savannah landscape; Causes; Restoration