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Abstract

Techniques in Neurosurgery & Neurology

Expression of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-1 (IDH-1) Mutant Protein in Gliomas

Submission: February 21, 2018; Published: March 09, 2018

DOI: 10.31031/TNN.2018.01.000514

ISSN 2637-7748
Volume1 Issue3

Abstract

Background and aim: Isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH-1) mutation in glioma has diagnostic and prognostic significance. The aim of this study was to determine the IDH-1 mutation in glioma and their correlation with various clinical parameters.

Material and methods: One hundred cases of glioma were studied for IDH-1 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Results: IDH-1 mutation was expressed in 36% (5/14) of children (age <16 years) and 53% (46/86) of adults (age >16 years). History of seizure was significantly associated with IDH-1 expression. Frontal location of tumor and absence of contrast enhancement were significantly associated with IDH-1 expression (P=0.23 and 0.001 respectively). IDH-1 positivity was noted in 47% (29/62) astrocytic tumors, 100% (3/3) oligoastrocytic tumors, 79% (15/19) oligodendroglial tumors and 25% (4/16) ependymal tumors. Overall, IDH-1 mutation was positive in 51% (51/100) of gliomas. IDH-1 expression was significantly higher in WHO grade II and grade III glioma (67% each) as compared to WHO grade IV and I (35% and 27% respectively).

Conclusion: IDH-1 mutation occurs in overall 51% of glioma. History of seizure, frontal location and absence of contrast enhancement on radiology are significantly associated with IDH-1 expression. IDH-1 is expressed mostly in oligoastrocytic tumors followed by oligodendroglial tumors, astrocytic tumors and least expressed in ependymal tumors. WHO grade II and III gliomas are more common to have IDH-1 expression than grade IV and grade I tumors.

Keywords: IDH-1 mutation; Glioma; Immunohistochemistry; Astrocytic tumors

Abbreviations: IDH-1: Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-1; IHC: Immunohistochemistry; ICP: Intracranial Pressure; CNS: Central Nervous System; WHO: World Health Organization; MGMT O6-Methylguanine-DNA MethylTransferase; EGFR: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor; TCA: Tricarboxylic Acid; PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction

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