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Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West Sao Paulo University, Brazil
*Corresponding author: Karine Takahashi, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Profesor at West Sao Paulo University, Francisco Scardazzi Street number 350, Sao Judas Park, Zip code 19023190, Presidente Prudente city, Sao Paulo State, Brazil
Submission: May 23,2018; Published: June 14, 2018
ISSN:2637-7764Volume2 Issue5
Enamel defects can be observed in both permanent and deciduous teeth. A great variety of terms are used referring to hypomineralized teeth, although in 2001, Weerheijm et al. named this alteration as “Molar Incisor Hypomineralization”, which is described as enamel degeneration involving first permanent molars and also or not, permanent incisors. Dental enamel has ectodermic origin and is highly mineralized and very sensible to systemic alterations. Enamel defects can cause permanent flaws in erupted teeth, caused by lack of metabolic activity. Besides, teeth diagnosed with MIH differ in chemical composition and less enamel. Probably these kind of defect. Has multifactorial etiology, such as local factors, genetic can affect enamel development. Some authors associated etiology to systemic origin, but it is not completely understood. Somewhat disturbance during amelogenesis cause by predisposition of genetics and environmental effects from the first 3 months of pregnancy until 3 years of old can cause MIH. Potential causative factors in this age are respiratory diseases, breastfeeding, prolonged use of medicaments and maternal smoking. Several and repeated medical conditions also are associated with development of MIH. Laboratory studies in rats suggest that exposure to bysphenol A can cause enamel defects, which targets two genes responsible for enamel matrix degradation.
Ph.D in Agriculture from Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University
Research Professor, PhD, Holistic Research Institute
Professor, Chief Doctor, Director of Department of Pediatric Surgery, Associate Director of Department of Surgery, Doctoral Supervisor Tongji hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Senior Research Engineer and Professor, Center for Refining and Petrochemicals, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
Fellow of International Agency for Standards and Ratings (IASR), Edith Cowan University, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute
Chancellor Emeritus / Professor Emeritus of Chemistry and Physics, University of Missouri–St. Louis
Ph.D in Science from the Federal University of Alagoas, UFAL, Brazil
Assistant Professor in College of Architecture, Art and Design
Interim Dean, College of Education and Health Sciences, Director of Biomechanics Laboratory, Sport Science Innovation Program, Bridgewater State University
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