Powder X-ray Diffraction and Particle Size Analysis of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated Vanadium Pentoxide (V 2 O 5 )

Vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) is an inorganic compound, which is used for the chemical synthesis and other industrial applications. In this study, the impact of the Trivedi Effect ® -Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the physicochemical properties of V 2 O 5 powder was evaluated using powder X-ray diffraction and particle size distribution analytical techniques. V 2 O 5 powder sample was divided into two parts. One part of the sample received the Trivedi Effect ® -Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment remotely by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Gopal Nayak was termed as a Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 sample, while the other part of the sample was called as a control sample. The PXRD peak intensities of the treated V 2 O 5 were significantly altered in the range from -14.29% to 54.05% compared to the control sample. Similarly, the crystallite sizes of the treated V 2 O 5 were significantly altered in the range from -13% to 111.48% compared to the control sample. However, the average crystallite size of the treated V 2 O 5 (585.74) was significantly increased by 18.08% compared with the control sample (496.04) The particle size values in the treated V 2 O 5 were significantly decreased by 28.27% (d 10 ), 13.6% (d 50 ), 7.7% (d 90 ), and 10.25% {D (4,3)} compared to the control sample. Thus, the specific surface area of treated V 2 O 5 powder (0.393m 2 /g) was significantly increased by 64.44% compared with the control sample (0.239m 2 /g). The results concluded that the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment might have generated a new polymorphic form of V 2 O 5 which would improve the solubility, appearance due to larger crystallite/particle size and reduced surface area compared to the control sample. The treated V 2 O 5 would also be useful for the industrial applications, i.e., bolometers and microbolometer arrays for thermal imaging, for etc.


Introduction
Vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) is an inorganic compound with high oxidation state. V 2 O 5 is used for the production of an alloy of iron and vanadium (ferrovanadium), sulfuric acid, phthalic anhydride, and maleic anhydride. It is also used as a detector material in bolometers and microbolometer arrays for thermal imaging, ethanol sensor, and redox batteries for energy storage [1][2][3]. V 2 O 5 is very toxic to humans, which forms vanadate ion  ) by hydrolysis of V 2 O 5 at higher pH, which appears to inhibit the enzymes that process phosphate (PO 4 3-) [4].
The physical and chemical properties of a substance play a critical role in manufacturing and other industrial applications. It was experimentally proved that the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment (Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment; the Trivedi Effect ® ) has a substantial impact on the physicochemical properties of many substances [5][6][7]. The Trivedi Effect ® is a natural and the only scientifically proven phenomenon in which a skilled person can harness this intelligent energy from the Universe and can transfer it anywhere on the planet via the possible mediation of neutrinos [7]. The "Biofield" is a unique energy field which exists surrounding the every living organism's body known as Biofield Energy, which is infinite, para-dimensional electromagnetic field. Biofield based Energy Healing Therapies have been reported to have significant outcomes against various disease conditions [8]. The National Institutes of Health/National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NIH/ NCCAM) recommend and included the Energy therapy under Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) category that has been accepted by the most of the U.S. population with several advantages [9,10]. Many scientific experiments were conducted to prove the impact of the Trivedi Effect ® -Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the non-living and living object(s). The Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment was proved with significant outcome in field of organic chemistry [11,12], material science [13,14], nutraceuticals [15,16], pharmaceutical sciences [17,18], cell biology [19,20], microbiology [21,22], and agriculture science [23,24]. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the impact of the Trivedi Effect ® -Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the physicochemical properties of V 2 O 5 powder using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and particle size analysis (PSA).

Consciousness energy healing treatment strategies
The test sample V 2 O 5 powder was divided into two parts. One part of V 2 O 5 powder sample was received the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment (the Trivedi Effect ® ) remotely under standard laboratory conditions for 3 minutes by the renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Gopal Nayak, India, known as the treated V 2 O 5 sample. The other part of V 2 O 5 powder sample was treated with a "sham" healer considered as a control sample. The "sham" healer did not have any idea about the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment. After the treatment, both the V 2 O 5 samples were kept in sealed conditions and characterized using PXRD and PSA analytical techniques.

Characterization
The PXRD analysis of V 2 O 5 powder samples was performed with the help of Rigaku MiniFlex-II Desktop X-ray diffractometer (Japan) [25,26]. The average size of crystallites was calculated from PXRD data using the Scherrer's formula (1) Where G is the crystallite size in nm, k is the equipment constant, λ is the radiation wavelength, β is the full-width at half maximum, and θ is the Bragg angle [27]. Similarly, the PSA of V 2 O 5 was performed with the help of Malvern Mastersizer 2000 (UK) using the wet method [28,29]. The % change in peak intensity, crystallite size, particle size, and specific surface area of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 sample was calculated compared with the control sample using the following equation 2:

Results and Discussion
Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis The diffractograms of the control and Consciousness Energy Treated V 2 O 5 powder showed sharp and intense peaks (Figure 1) indicated that both the samples were crystalline in nature. The PXRD diffractograms of the control and Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 samples showed the highest peak intensity at 2θ equal to 20.53° and 20.36°, respectively (Table 1 & 2). Overall the peak intensities of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 were significantly altered in the range from -14.29% to 54.05% compared to the control sample (Table 1, entry 1-15). Similarly, the crystallite sizes of the treated V 2 O 5 were significantly altered in the range from -13% to 111.48% compared to the control sample. However, the average crystallite size of the treated V 2 O 5 (585.74) was significantly increased by 18.08% compared with the control sample (496.04). The alteration in the crystallite sizes and peak intensities significantly of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 might have altered the crystal morphology compared with the control sample. If the crystal morphology change, the peak intensity of each diffraction face on the crystalline compound also changes [30], and alterations in the XRD pattern provide the proof of polymorphic transitions [31,32]. From the experimental results, it can be assumed that a new polymorphic form of V 2 O 5 has been produced due to Trivedi Effect ® via the mediation of neutrino oscillation [7]. The new polymorphic forms of a crystal have a substantial impact on the physicochemical properties which are different from the original one [33,34]. Thus, the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 would be better for industrial use.

Particle Size Analysis (PSA)
The particle size distribution analysis of both the control and Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 powder was performed and the data are presented in Table 2. The particle size values in the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 were significantly decreased at d 10 , d 50 , d 90 , and D (4,3) by 28.27%, 13.6%, 7.7%, and 10.25%, respectively compared to the control sample. Thus, the specific surface area of Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 powder (0.393m 2 /g) was significantly increased by 64.44% compared with the control sample (0.239m 2 /g). The results suggested that the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment might be acting like a quantum of energy for cracking the larger particle into the smaller one and hence increased the surface area of V 2 O 5 powder compared to the control sample. Incising the surface area might increase the solubility and dissolution rate [35] of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 and would be better for the industrial applications.

Conclusion
The Trivedi Effect ® -Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment showed significant effects on the peak intensities, crystallite size, particle size, surface area, and thermal properties of the V 2 O 5 powder. The PXRD peak intensities of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 were significantly altered in the range from -14.29% to 54.05% compared to the control sample. Similarly, the crystallite sizes of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 were significantly altered in the range from -13% to 111.48% compared to the control sample. However, the average crystallite size of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 was significantly increased by 18.08% compared with the control sample. The particle size values in the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 were significantly decreased by 28.27% (d 10 ), 13.6% (d 50 ), 7.7% (d 90 ), and 10.25% {D (4,3)} compared to the control sample. Thus, the specific surface area of Consciousness Energy Healing Treated V 2 O 5 powder was significantly increased by 64.44% compared with the control sample. The results concluded that the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment might have generated a new polymorphic form of V 2 O 5 which would improve the solubility, appearance due to larger crystallite/particle size and reduced surface area compared to the control sample. The treated V 2 O 5 would also be useful for the industrial applications, i.e., bolometers and microbolometer arrays for thermal imaging, ethanol sensor, redox batteries for energy storage, etc.