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Abstract

Aspects in Mining & Mineral Science

The Production of Critical Materials as By Products

  • Open or Close Philip C Keller and Dr. Corby G. Anderson*

    Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, USA

    *Corresponding author:Corby Anderson, Kroll Institute for Extractive Metallurgy, George S. Ansell Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado USA 80401

Submission: August 15, 2018; Published: August 17, 2018

DOI: 10.31031/AMMS.2018.02.000532

ISSN : 2578-0255
Volume2 Issue2

Abstract

This issue of material criticality has been receiving much attention recently from governments all over the world. The United States and the European Union have two different definitions of what makes a material critical. The United States Department of Energy (DOE) defines criticality in two ways: (A) supply based risk based on projected market balances, competing energy demands, political, regulatory and social factors, co-production risks, and producer diversity; and, (B) importance to clean energy based on clean energy demand and substitutability [1]. Net import reliance can hint at the supply based risk for materials. Figure 1 shows the United States net import reliance for materials of interest.

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